<p>The Howell Living History Farm, also known as the Joseph Phillips Farm, is a 130 acre farm that is a living open-air museum near Titusville, in Hopewell Township, Mercer County, New Jersey. The farm was first created by Joseph Phillips, a blacksmith, who purchased 125 acre from William Bryant in 1732. By 1800, Henry Phillips, Joseph&#39;s son, had enlarged the farm by 100 acre. Henry served as a captain in the Hunterdon County Regiment of the Continental Army during the American Revolution. An inventory of the farm on his death in 1805 listed two teams of oxen, two slaves, a Rockingham colt, and the flax in the ground. The current buildings on the property date to the 19th century, primarily before the American Civil War. The final private owner of the farm was the Howell family, who donated the land to Mercer County in 1974 for use as a museum. The farm was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 2, 1977.</p><br>
<p>The museum shows farm life from the year 1900. The farm is owned by Mercer County and operated by the Mercer County Park Commission with the support and assistance of The Friends of Howell Living History Farm.</p><br>
<p>Casa del Rey, the "King&#39;s House," is a historic place in the town of Dorado, in Puerto Rico. It is also known as Cuartel de la Guardia de Milicias, Parador, or Carcel Municipal.</p><br>
<p>It was constructed as a parador, or inn, about 1823. The building, the oldest in town, provided housing for Spanish government personnel, and also served as the regional military headquarters.</p><br>
<p>In 1848, Jacinto López purchased the structure. In converting it into a residence, Lópze added two wings which created a U-shaped configuration around an interior patio. In 1871, Casa del Rey became the home of Manuel Alonso y Pacheco, Puerto Rico&#39;s notable romantic writer.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the USA National Register of Historic Places in 1989.</p><br>
<p>The house was restored by the Institute of Puerto Rican Culture in 1978 and is now a local history museum.</p><br>
<p>The John Michael Kohler House is an historic house listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Sheboygan, Wisconsin, United States. The house is currently a part of the John Michael Kohler Arts Center complex.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The house was constructed in 1882 by John Michael Kohler (1844–1900). No documentary record of the houses architect has been found. Family tradition recalls that John Michael Kohler, himself, designed the house. This is plausible, because it is known that other members of the Kohler family in Austria engaged in architecture, including John Michaels father, whose design of a small church survives.</p><br>
<p>An extensive addition and remodel was completed in 1920. At the time the house was occupied by his second wife, Wilhemina Minnie Vollrath (1842-1929) and four of his children Evangeline (1872-1954), Marie (1976-1943), Lillie (1877-1965), and Herbert Sr (1891-1968).</p><br>
<p>Ownership of the house was transferred to the Kohler Foundation in the will of Evangeline Kohler in 1954 with a life estate for her sister Lillie.</p><br>
<p>The Sheboygan Arts Foundation, Inc. was created in 1959 and its first board included Mrs. Walter J. Kohler III.</p><br>
<p>In 1966, after the death of Lillie Kohler in 1965, the Kohler Foundation gifted the house to the Sheboygan Arts Foundation, Inc. for the use of the arts center.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The house is a two story brick veneered structure on a coursed limestone foundation capped with an iron water table. Plan and massing are asymmetrical with projecting pavilions on all facades. The east facing pavilion contains a two story bay. The roofline is gently pitched and had projecting gables with heavy eaves and cornices and with returns suggestive of a classical pediment. The eaves have carved and scroll cut brackets with turned pendants. The main facade gable is pierced with a bull&#39;s-eye window. Windows have round arches with distinctive cast iron keystones that may have been made in the Kohler foundry. The arches are supported on pilasters with decorative iron capitals and bases footed on iron sills.</p><br>
<p>A projecting single story porch facing both the front walk and the driveway to the left dominates the southwest corner of the house and shelters the main entrance. Single story porches are also found on the southeast and northeast corners of the house, although the southeast porch was enclosed in the 1920s remodeling. At this time Victorian porch columns and gingerbread were replaced with heavier hexagonal columns and cornice, but original cast iron cresting still crowns each porch.</p><br>
<p>The original main floor plan formed an asymmetrical cross with parlors dominating the front and center portions and dining room, study, and kitchens occupying the rear and west pavilions. The parlors were separated by massive sliding doors. Most essential features of the plan, as well as the sliding doors, decorative cove moulding in the parlors, and the staircase were retained in the 1920s remodeling. The iron gazebo and the fountain, which features a cast zinc sculpture depicting three children with a dolphin are original to the house, although they were relocated in the remodeling. The gazebo and the fountain sculpture may have been made at the Kohler foundry.</p><br>
<p>The 1920s remodeling did not greatly alter the exterior appearance of the house. The southeast porch was enclosed with windows and panels to provide a sunroom adjacent to the front parlor. The east bay was raised a third story to create a penthouse bedroom, and the rear-facing pavilion was extended in a two-story bay, These additions were finished with stucco in a muted Mediterranean Revival fashion and in sympathy with the original architecture of the house. The fenestration of the west-facing pavilion and back part of the west facade was altered to accommodate remodeling of the dining room and to increase the lighting of the master bedroom above it.</p><br>
<p>On the interior, the remodeling was more thoroughgoing and utilized accepted Italian motifs of the Eclectic Resurgence. The interior has been little altered in the buildings reuse. Victorian wall finishes were replaced with textured plaster painted in cream tones. The dining room was relocated to the west facing pavilion and decorated with oak paneling, ceiling beams, built-in cabinets and sideboards, and a massive table and chairs. Casement windows and cabinet doors are of decorative stained and leaded glass designed by Kaspar Albrecht. Flooring is of decorative Moravian tile from Henry Mercers Pennsylvania factory. The room and its furnishings are preserved as the formal meeting room of the arts center. Moravian tile and Albrecht glass were&#39;also employed in the new north facing bay, which became a part of the relocated study. The bay also features a characteristic vaulted ceiling and a carved stone fireplace. Moravian tile was also used in the upstairs hall, the master bedroom, and the redecorated main fireplace. The master bedroom has casement windows of Albrecht glass.</p><br>
<p>The Capt. William Hallett House is a historic house at 570 Main Street in the Hyannis village of Barnstable, Massachusetts, USA.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>This 1-1/2 story wood frame house was built c. 1800, and exhibits a distinctive combination of Federal and Queen Anne styling. While its basic form is that of a Federal-style Cape, it was altered in the late 19th century, adding a shed-roof dormer with an eyebrow section, a porch with turned posts, and a projecting window bay. In the mid-19th century the house belonged to William Hallett, a ship&#39;s captain, and around the turn of the 20th century by Dr. Charles Harris, a noted local physician and author of Hyannis Sea Captains.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on September 18, 1987.</p><br>
<p>Mount Alfred is a mountain located at the Queen Reach arm and head of the Jervis Inlet within the Pacific Ranges of the Coast Mountains in British Columbia, Canada. The mountain is the highest in the portion of the mainland between Jervis and Toba Inlets, with its 1,318 m prominence defined by the pass at the head of the Skwawka River, which feeds the head of Jervis Inlet. The unofficially-named Alfred Creek Falls, on Alfred Creek which drains off the mountains glaciers southeast into the Skwawka, is one of Canadas highest waterfalls at 700 m.</p><br>
<h2>Naming</h2><br>
<p>The mountain was named during the 1860 survey by the HMS Plumper who charted all of the area and was named after HRH Alfred Edward “Affie” who was the third child, and second son, of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of England, and who was Duke of Edinburgh from his birth in 1844 until his death in 1900.</p><br>
<p>The first ascent of Mount Alfred was made in 1929 by Arthur Tinniswood Dalton and Percy Williams Easthope.</p><br>
<p>Hedsor Water is a stretch of the River Thames near Cookham, Berkshire which runs to the north of Sashes Island. Hedsor Water was once the main navigation of the Thames but was by-passed by the construction of Cookham Lock in 1830. Navigation is only possible for the first 100 metres from the downstream end, where a few temporary moorings are available, except for smaller boats.</p><br>
<p>Cookham lock opened in 1830, but no weir was built at this time. In 1832 Lord Boston of Hedsor House claimed compensation for loss of towpath rights along Hedsor Water which he was granted. In 1837 a weir was found necessary and built across Hedsor Water, leading to further litigation from Lord Boston for loss of trade to the wharf he owned there. Hedsor Wharf, on the upper reach of Hedsor Water had been an important trading post. The paper made at nearby Cookham Paper Mill was shipped from there and the stone used to build Shardeloes was brought from Oxford to Hedsor Wharf. This time the only compensation he received was the building of a flash lock in the weir. This was removed when the lock was rebuilt in 1869, as Lord Boston had built eel bucks in the stream in the meantime.</p><br>
<p>In 2003 Hedsor Water was the subject of a High Court judgement against Josie Rowland, the widow of Tiny Rowland and current owner of Hedsor Wharf Estate, who wanted to stop the Water being used as a public right of way.</p><br>
<p>Sumas Mountain, also referred to as Canadian Sumas to distinguish it from an identically-named mountain just south in Washington state, is a mountain rising from the floodplain of the Fraser River in the Lower Mainland of southwestern British Columbia, Canada. Its western end is in the urban area of Abbotsford and is home to a number of suburban areas of that city, notably Clayburn. In its central portion is the historic community of Straiton, officially named in 1904 for Thomas Bell Straiton who founded a homestead on Sumas Mountain in 1893 and also a store and post office. Its higher eastern reaches tower over Greendale, a community within the City of Chilliwack and is mostly wilderness; the mountain&#39;s summit, Sumas Peak, is located in this area, along with Chadsey Lake. The mountain is separated from the Cascade Mountains by the drained lake now called Sumas Prairie, south of which is its American sister, Sumas Mountain, and which is part of the greater floodplain of the Fraser River . West of the mountain is Matsqui Prairie, another floodplain, and north of the Fraser, which lies along the mountain&#39;s north flank, are similar floodplains - Nicomen Island and Hatzic Prairie.</p><br>
<p>Sumas Mountain Provincial Park is located in the higher, northern reaches of the mountain. Historic industry on the mountain includes livestock and crop farming, logging, and mining, notably brick-clay, which gave rise to the mining community of Clayburn. Farming, gravel mining, and logging continue on the mountain to the present day. Located on the mountain&#39;s north foot, adjacent to the Fraser, is a Canadian Forces base naval station. On its south side is the reserve of the Sumas First Nation.</p><br>
<p>The mountain protects McDonald Park, a dark-sky preserve, from the light pollution caused by the nearby cities of Abbotsford, Chilliwack, and Mission.</p><br>
<h2>Name</h2><br>
<p>"Sumas" is a Halqemeylem word meaning "a big level opening", referring to the Sumas Prairie area south of the mountain, formerly Sumas Lake. A common 19th Century spelling of Sumas was "Smess&quot Simon Fraser&#39;s journal recorded the name as "shemotch".</p><br>
<p>Grand Rapids, Grand Haven and Muskegon Railway Depot is a historic railway station for the Grand Rapids, Grand Haven and Muskegon Railway in Coopersville, Michigan. The Coopersville Area Historical Society and Museum is now housed in the station.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Grand Rapids, Grand Haven and Muskegon Railway was incorporated in 1899, and began service in 1902 on 44 miles of interurban line. This station in Coopersville was constructed for the opening of the line. The trans were electric, and the station functioned as not only a passenger depot, but also an electric substation to supply DC power to the trains via an electrified third rail.</p><br>
<p>In 1912, the United Light and Railway Company bought out the Grand Rapids, Grand Haven and Muskegon Railway. They operated the railway until 1928.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Grand Rapids, Grand Haven & Muskegon Railway depot in Coopersville is a single-story red brick building with an attached tower and a red clay tile roof. The building was used both as a passenger waiting room and as an electrical substation where AC power was converted to DC to power the train cars. The electrical machinery was located in the tower, and was connected by a cable to railway power lines. The openings originally for the cable are still visible on the tower. The remainder of the building was used as a passenger waiting room and to handle freight shipments.</p><br>
<p>Zavoj Lake  is an artificial lake in eastern Serbia, on the Visočica River. It was created in 1963 after a major landslide which dammed the river and the natural dam was later replaced with a hydroelectric dam "Zavoj".</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>Lake Zavoj is located in eastern Serbia, in the northern part of the Visok region, close to the Serbian-Bulgarian border. Lake is in the valley of the Visočica River which is both its major tributary and outflow, between the mountains of Stara Planina on the north and Vidlič on the south. Lake is located 16 km north of the town of Pirot, close to the Visočica mouth into the Temštica river and is not well connected with the rest of Serbia. Settlements in the vicinity of the lake, which is among the least populated in the entire Serbia, include Novi Zavoj, Velika Lukanja and Pakleštica.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>On February 25, 1963 a huge landslide from the sunny side of the Stara Planina rushed into the valley of the Visočica River and dammed a river creating a natural earth dam which was 500 m long and 50 m high. Reservoir was created behind the dam, flooding the village of Zavoj. This original natural lake was dried, the natural dam was consolidated and the artificial lake was recreated, this time as a reservoir for the hydroelectric power plant "Zavoj". The village of Novi Zavoj was built on the higher ground instead of the flooded old village of Zavoj.</p><br>
<p>Immediately after the dam was finished, Serbian government began a project of conducting waters from Temšticas upper course (Toplodolska reka) into the lake. Project was continued in the early 2000s but the local population in the watershed of Temštica protested claiming that over 80% of the water was already taken out of their river and that further catchment of the water from it would result in an ecological catastrophe, especially in the canyon of Temštica popularly called "Little Colorado". As a result of this, municipality of Pirot officially opposed the governments decision in 2004 and 2006, but the government insisted on continuing the project. In protest, population of the village of Temska boycotted the Serbian parliamentary elections in January 2007.</p><br>
<h2>Paleontological site</h2><br>
<p>The site, located at an elevation of 700 -, has been discovered in 2004 and the preliminary research began in 2005 with the help of German paleobiologists from Freiburg. In the Upper Triassic, 230 to 200 million years ago, the area was a shallow, ending part of the large tropical sea, the Tethys Ocean. The mud and sediments petrified in the form of plates which are rich in remains of mollusk shells (which have been found on the slopes of the Stara Planina at over 1,440 m), sea worms, snails and other marine animals (sea crocodiles, sharks, giant mollusks) with indications that fossils of the dinosaurs can be found also. In some sections, Triassic sediments are over 7 m deep.</p><br>
<p>The Birches is a house at the southeast corner of the junction of NY 9D and 403 in the hamlet of Garrison, New York, United States. It was built for William H. Osborn, as part of his nearby Wing & Wing estate, by architect Ralph Adams Cram in the Gothic Revival architectural style. Osborn was a 19th-century railroad tycoon, who became one of the most prominent railroad leaders in the United States. In addition to Wing and Wing and the Birches, Osborn famously constructed Castle Rock, his great summer estate overlooking the Hudson River.</p><br>
<p>In 1982 it was added to the National Register of Historic Places. It is just across Route 9D from the Garrison Grist Mill Historic District.</p><br>
<h2>Building</h2><br>
<p>The first story is built of dressed, randomly coursed stone. It gives way to frame and a gambrel roof on the upper stories. A projecting, center-shingled pavilion on the west facade is trimmed in half-timber, coming to a louvered gable peak with its rafters intentionally exposed as decoration. A similarly decorated porch, with open gable, extends from the pavilion. The south profile has a one-story projecting bay supporting a balcony. The windows and doors on the first story have arched openings, echoed by a split rounded transom over the double-doored main entrance.</p><br>
<p>There is one outbuilding on the property: a one-story frame carriage house, later a garage, to the east. Two apartments have since been added to it.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Birches was designed in 1882 for William H. Osborn, owner of the nearby Wing & Wing estate. Within the Osborn family, it became known as the Honeymoon House, since both William Church and Fairfield Osborn lived there after their weddings while waiting for their own nearby homes to be completed. When not used by them, it was occasionally home to the family&#39;s servants.</p><br>
<p>Due to this near-constant use, Osborn and his descendants never followed through on their plans to donate it to the Town of Philipstown (the town in which the hamlet of Garrison is located) for use as a public library (one was eventually built just across Route 403). So, when the family finally sold it in 1976, it remained in use as a house. The house was extensively renovated by new owners during the period from 2009 - 2012; during the renovation, a number of period details were preserved.</p><br>
<h2>Aesthetics</h2><br>
<p>Cram&#39;s design, one of the earlier ones in his career, interpreted the Picturesque Gothic Revival cottages that Calvert Vaux and Frederick Clarke Withers, following the patterns of their mentor, Andrew Jackson Downing, had built all over the Hudson Valley and, later, the country, three decades earlier, before the Civil War. The result was a late example of the Victorian Gothic style, distinct for a home in the area.</p><br>
<p>The stone coursework on the lower story links the house with other former Osborn properties in Garrison. Its style links it to the nearby Castle Rock, which can be seen over the house when it is viewed from the northwest, in the center of the intersection.</p><br>
<p>Tiffany Falls is a 21 metre high ribbon waterfall located in the Tiffany Falls Conservation Area, just off of Wilson Street East, Ancaster, in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Tiffany Falls was named after Dr. Oliver Tiffany, the district&#39;s first doctor. Born in Massachusetts, he studied medicine at the Philadelphia Medical College, and came to Ancaster Township in 1796.</p><br>
<p>Best viewed in the early spring as it tends to dry up in the summer months. Used for ice-climbing in the winter months with permission from the Hamilton Conservation Authority.</p><br>
<p>Nearby attractions include Sherman Falls, Iroquoia Heights Conservation Area, Dundas Valley Conservation Area, Hermitage Ruins, Fieldcote Museum and Griffin House.</p><br>
<h2>Directions</h2><br>
<p>Take Highway 403 coming into Hamilton exit at Main Street West and drive past McMaster University. Take a left by the West Village Suites to continue on Main Street West, and it eventually becomes Wilson Street. This takes you up the escarpment. Halfway up you will be directed by Tiffany Falls street signs.</p><br>
<p>Monticello is a reservoir in the USA state of South Carolina, built to provide water for the Virgil C. Summer Nuclear Generating Station.</p><br>
<p>- South Carolina Department of Parks & Tourism It is located in Jenkinsville. While it does not dam any major rivers, its outflow flows directly into Parr Reservoir, an artificial lake created along the Broad River, via the Fairfield Pumped Storage power station.</p><br>
<p>The lake is mainly used to cool the turbines of a nearby nuclear power plant. It is famous locally for its catfishing, as some 60 lb. and up fish have been pulled from its waters.</p><br>
<p>Fluctuations in the level of the reservoir are thought to have increased the incidence of induced seismicity in the area.</p><br>
<p>The referenced study by Talwani actually states that after an initial increase, levels of seismicity at Monticello have returned to pre-reservoir levels. Therefore, induced seismicity is linked with the initial impoundment, and is not an ongoing issue at this location.</p><br>
<p>Felkers Falls is a 22 metre high ribbon style waterfall found at the Felkers Falls Conservation Area, a small park within a subdivision in Stoney Creek in East Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. The Bruce Trail passes by the top of the falls and from there you get a clear view of lower Stoney Creek and Lake Ontario.</p><br>
<p>Nearby attractions include the Bruce Trail, Little Davis Falls, Battlefield House Museum. Felkers Falls Conservation Area is a small park that lies between the Devils Punch Bowl (east) and King&#39;s Forest Golf Course and Park (west).</p><br>
<p>This area is also much more accessible now that the trail has been paved.</p><br>
<h2>Directions</h2><br>
<p>By car, exit the QEW on Centennial Parkway and drive south. Go right onto Mud Street, and then turn right again at Paramount Drive. Go right once again onto Ackland Street, which leads to the parking lot.</p><br>
<p>Julius Blackburn House, also known as Warwick, is an historic estate located in the western area of Scott County, Kentucky. The oldest section of the structure is a log cabin dating prior to 1799, with a newer stone section built by Thomas Metcalfe for Julius Blackburn in 1799. The property was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places on April 14, 1977.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>American Revolutionary War veteran Sergeant Julius Blackburn originally settled in Woodford County, Kentucky at Blackburns Fort in 1790 after serving with Gists Virginia Brigade. In 1799, Blackburn relocated to Scott County, Kentucky with his wife Elizabeth (Betsy) Scruggs. The Blackburn&#39;s moved into a log cabin and engaged stonemason Thomas Metcalfe to construct their house with stone from Chinn River Kentucky marble quarry in Woodford, County. The older log cabin joins the newer stone section to become a structure known as the Warwick House.</p><br>
<p>D.L. Nunnelly resided at the estate from 1912 until 1951, followed by John White.</p><br>
<p>The Highland Park Masonic Temple, also known as The Mason Building or The Highlands, is a historic three-story brick building on Figueroa Street in the Highland Park district of northeast Los Angeles, California.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Completed in 1923, the Commercial/Renaissance Revival style building served as Lodge 382 of the Free and Accepted Masons for sixty years. The original structure included retail shops on the ground floor with the lodge and banquet hall on the second floor. In 1983, the Masons were forced to vacate the structure when they were unable to afford the cost of retrofitting the building to meet seismic safety requirements. The building was purchased by private developers, and the second floor was converted into a banquet facility. The original Lodge Room, with its cherry wood paneling, anaglypta wall coverings, and other details has been restored and preserved and remains in use as a banquet facility.</p><br>
<h3>Architecture and construction</h3><br>
<p>The building was designed by Elmore Robinson Jeffrey in the Renaissance Revival style with much of the architectural detailing in the Mediterranean Revival style. The Commercial/Renaissance Revival style was popular in Los Angeles during the 1920s.</p><br>
<p>The 25,000 ft&sup2; Highland Park Masonic Temple was built from 1922–1923 and opened in July 1923. The three-story structure was built for use by the Free and Accepted Masons as the site for Lodge 382. The Masons occupied the second and third floors, and the first floor was retail space, providing an income source for the lodge.</p><br>
<p>The most impressive room in the building is the Lodge Room on the second floor. The Lodge Room has an 18 ft ceiling and rich cherry wood paneling, original embossed cotton anaglypta, and paintings at both ends of the hall depicting Egyptian scenes, including a sphinx and pyramid. There was originally a second story arched balcony/arcade connecting the Lodge Room with the Banquet Hall.</p><br>
<p>Other significant architectural features include a beautiful frieze featuring Masonic symbols running along the exterior roofline of the building along Figueroa Street and Avenue 56. From the exterior, the most impressive feature is the Figueroa Street facade with its columns and balcony at the eastern edge of the Banquet Hall.</p><br>
<h2>Use of the building</h2><br>
<h3>Masonic Lodge 382</h3><br>
<p>The Masons used the building as Lodge 382 and several other lodges for 60 years from 1923 to 1983. However, in 1983, the owners were cited for failure to bring the building up to modern seismic safety standards. The local Masonic unit lacked the funds to undertake the expensive seismic work and were forced to vacate and sell the building.</p><br>
<h3>Renovation as a mixed use and banquet facility</h3><br>
<p>In 1983, Allen Golden, along with partners Jerry Sullivan and Jerry Manpearl, purchased the building. They undertook extensive renovation of the building between 1985 and 1989, including upgrade work to enable the structure to meet modern seismic safety requirements. As part of the renovation work, the owners replaced awnings that had been part of the original design, and leaded glass that had been covered was exposed. Additionally, during the seismic retrofit, care was taken to preserve numerous period details, including doorknobs embossed with Masonic symbols, the cherry wood paneling and the anaglypta wall covering.</p><br>
<p>The renovated building opened in January 1990, with the second floor converted into a community meeting place and banquet hall. The Lodge Room was preserved much as it was in 1923. However, the chandeliers in the Lodge Room were replaced in the 1950s or 1960s with green light fixtures; the new owners installed antique light fixtures in the room as part of their restoration project. The Banquet Hall (in the front of the building along Figueroa) has been converted into a wood-floored multi-purpose room. The two large second floor rooms are now rented to the public for wedding receptions, anniversaries, quinceañeras, and other functions.</p><br>
<p>The third floor was converted to office space, rented initially to Operation Headstart. In order to make room for offices on the third floor, an interior balcony overlooking the Lodge Room and Banquet Hall had to be removed—one of the few sacrifices made to preservation.</p><br>
<h2>Historic designation</h2><br>
<p>The building was declared a Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monument in 1984 (HCM #282), and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.</p><br>
<h2>Gallery of photos</h2><br>
<p>The Home of Lola Montez is located in downtown Grass Valley, California at 248 Mill Street. Lola Montez, the internationally known singer and dancer, moved here in 1853, and this is the only home she ever owned.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In November 1850, Grass Valley held its first election under an oak tree on the site where the home was soon built. The following year, in 1851, a building was constructed on the property and used as an office for Gilmor Meredith’s Gold Hill Mining Company. The building was used as a schoolhouse in 1852.</p><br>
<p>Montez moved to Grass Valley in 1853 and purchased the building for her home. She hosted parties in her salon, kept a pet bear, and mentored the young Lotta Crabtree whose home (later, a historical landmark) was on the same street. Montez left Grass Valley in 1855. In subsequent years, the building was remodeled and by 1975, it was condemned.</p><br>
<p>The current building is a replica of the one depicted in an 1854 sketch. It houses the Nevada County Chamber of Commerce and a small museum.</p><br>
<h2>California Historical Landmark</h2><br>
<p>This Nevada County building is California Historical Landmark No. 292. It was registered on 20 July,1938.</p><br>
<p>The River Dee  is a river in eastern Ireland.</p><br>
<h2>Legend</h2><br>
<p>In the Táin Bó Cúailnge, Cúchulainn fights Lethan at Ath Carpat ("chariot ford") on the river Níth. This takes its name from the Irish níth, meaning "combat." The modern name Dee derives from the town of Ardee (Baile Átha Fhirdhia, "town of Ferdiad&#39;s ford").</p><br>
<h2>Course</h2><br>
<p>The River Dee is a river in Ireland, which springs near Bailieboro in County Cavan and flows in an easterly direction for 37.75 mi through County Meath and County Louth before entering the River Glyde at the village of Annagassan. The Dee is a tributary of the River Glyde and has three main tributaries: the Killary River which joins south of Drumconrath, Co. Meath, the Gara River which joins west of Ardee, Co. Louth, and the White River which joins north of Dunleer, Co Louth. There is one lake on the Dee called Whitewood Lake which is near Nobber, Co. Meath.</p><br>
<h2>Wildlife</h2><br>
<p>The River Dee is a brown trout fishery.</p><br>
<p>Cliffview Falls is a 15-metre terraced ribbon waterfall located beside Cliffview Park on Scenic Drive Upper Paradise Road in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Can be accessed via the Bruce Trail.</p><br>
<p>Nearby attractions include the Bruce Trail, Dundas Valley Conservation Area, Chedoke Radial Trail, the Chedoke Civic Golf Course and Iroquois Heights Conservation Area. Nearby and onsite facilities include a convenience store, motel and an HSR bus stop and parking space for 100 vehicles.</p><br>
<p>Lower Cliffview Falls is a 4 metre high and 3 metre wide classic cascade waterfall found just north of the Cliffview Falls.</p><br>
<h2>Directions</h2><br>
<p>Good pair of hiking boots recommended. From the lower city Hamilton travel south on Dundurn Street until you reach the base of the escarpment and reach the bottom of the 326 step metal stairway. Climb the first set of stairs halfway up and get off and turn right and walk west of the stairway along the Bruce Trail. Eventually you have to get off the Bruce Trail to reach the first creek. There is no trail to reach the falls and parts of the route to get there are tricky and dangerous. You will have to get off the Bruce Trail to reach the Creek. Once you reach the creek walk up it 200 metres to reach the waterfalls.</p><br>
<h2>Images</h2><br>
<p>Chichen Itza  was a large pre-Columbian city built by the Maya people of the Terminal Classic period. The archaeological site is located in Tinúm Municipality, Yucatán State, Mexico.</p><br>
<p>Chichen Itza was a major focal point in the Northern Maya Lowlands from the Late Classic (c. AD 600&ndash;900) through the Terminal Classic (c. AD 800&ndash;900) and into the early portion of the Postclassic period (c. AD 900&ndash;1200). The site exhibits a multitude of architectural styles, reminiscent of styles seen in central Mexico and of the Puuc and Chenes styles of the Northern Maya lowlands. The presence of central Mexican styles was once thought to have been representative of direct migration or even conquest from central Mexico, but most contemporary interpretations view the presence of these non-Maya styles more as the result of cultural diffusion.</p><br>
<p>Chichen Itza was one of the largest Maya cities and it was likely to have been one of the mythical great cities, or Tollans, referred to in later Mesoamerican literature.</p><br>
<p>The ruins of Chichen Itza are federal property, and the sites stewardship is maintained by Mexicos Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia (National Institute of Anthropology and History). The land under the monuments had been privately owned until 29 March 2010, when it was purchased by the state of Yucatán.</p><br>
<p>Chichen Itza is one of the most visited archaeological sites in Mexico, visited by more than 2 million tourists in 2016.</p><br>
<h2>Name and orthography</h2><br>
<p>The Maya name "Chichen Itza" means "At the mouth of the well of the Itza." This derives from chi, meaning "mouth" or "edge," and chen or cheen, meaning "well." Itzá is the name of an ethnic-lineage group that gained political and economic dominance of the northern peninsula. One possible translation for Itza is "enchanter (or enchantment) of the water," from its, "sorcerer," and ha, "water."</p><br>
<p>The name is spelled Chichén Itzá in Spanish, and the accents are sometimes maintained in other languages to show that both parts of the name are stressed on their final syllable. Other references prefer the Maya orthography, Chichen Itza (pronounced ). This form preserves the phonemic distinction between ch and ch, since the base word cheen (which, however, is not stressed in Maya) begins with a postalveolar ejective affricate consonant. The word "Itza&#39;" has a high tone on the "a" followed by a glottal stop (indicated by the apostrophe).</p><br>
<p>Evidence in the Chilam Balam books indicates another, earlier name for this city prior to the arrival of the Itza hegemony in northern Yucatán. While most sources agree the first word means seven, there is considerable debate as to the correct translation of the rest. This earlier name is difficult to define because of the absence of a single standard of orthography, but it is represented variously as Uuc Yabnal ("Seven Great House"), Uuc Hab Nal ("Seven Bushy Places"), Uucyabnal ("Seven Great Rulers") This name, dating to the Late Classic Period, is recorded both in the book of Chilam Balam de Chumayel and in hieroglyphic texts in the ruins.</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>Chichen Itza is located in the eastern portion of Yucatán state in Mexico. The northern Yucatán Peninsula is arid, and the rivers in the interior all run underground. There are two large, natural sink holes, called cenotes, that could have provided plentiful water year round at Chichen, making it attractive for settlement. Of the two cenotes, the "Cenote Sagrado" or Sacred Cenote (also variously known as the Sacred Well or Well of Sacrifice), is the most famous.</p><br>
<p>According to post-Conquest sources (Maya and Spanish), pre-Columbian Maya sacrificed objects and human beings into the cenote as a form of worship to the Maya rain god Chaac. Edward Herbert Thompson dredged the Cenote Sagrado from 1904 to 1910, and recovered artifacts of gold, jade, pottery and incense, as well as human remains. A study of human remains taken from the Cenote Sagrado found that they had wounds consistent with human sacrifice.</p><br>
<h2>Political organization</h2><br>
<p>Several archaeologists in the late 1980s suggested that unlike previous Maya polities of the Early Classic, Chichen Itza may not have been governed by an individual ruler or a single dynastic lineage. Instead, the city&#39;s political organization could have been structured by a "multepal" system, which is characterized as rulership through council composed of members of elite ruling lineages.</p><br>
<p>This theory was popular in the 1990s, but in recent years, the research that supported the concept of the "multepal" system has been called into question, if not discredited. The current belief trend in Maya scholarship is toward the more traditional model of the Maya kingdoms of the Classic Period southern lowlands in Mexico.</p><br>
<h2>Economy</h2><br>
<p>Chichen Itza was a major economic power in the northern Maya lowlands during its apogee. Participating in the water-borne circum-peninsular trade route through its port site of Isla Cerritos on the north coast, Chichen Itza was able to obtain locally unavailable resources from distant areas such as obsidian from central Mexico and gold from southern Central America.</p><br>
<p>Between AD 900 and 1050 Chichen Itza expanded to become a powerful regional capital controlling north and central Yucatán. It established Isla Cerritos as a trading port.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The layout of Chichen Itza site core developed during its earlier phase of occupation, between 750 and 900 AD. Its final layout was developed after 900 AD, and the 10th century saw the rise of the city as a regional capital controlling the area from central Yucatán to the north coast, with its power extending down the east and west coasts of the peninsula. The earliest hieroglyphic date discovered at Chichen Itza is equivalent to 832 AD, while the last known date was recorded in the Osario temple in 998.</p><br>
<h3>Establishment</h3><br>
<p>The Late Classic city was centered upon the area to the southwest of the Xtoloc cenote, with the main architecture represented by the substructures now underlying the Las Monjas and Observatorio and the basal platform upon which they were built.</p><br>
<h3>Ascendancy</h3><br>
<p>Chichen Itza rose to regional prominence towards the end of the Early Classic period (roughly 600 AD). It was, however, towards the end of the Late Classic and into the early part of the Terminal Classic that the site became a major regional capital, centralizing and dominating political, sociocultural, economic, and ideological life in the northern Maya lowlands. The ascension of Chichen Itza roughly correlates with the decline and fragmentation of the major centers of the southern Maya lowlands.</p><br>
<p>As Chichen Itza rose to prominence, the cities of Yaxuna (to the south) and Coba (to the east) were suffering decline. These two cities had been mutual allies, with Yaxuna dependent upon Coba. At some point in the 10th century Coba lost a significant portion of its territory, isolating Yaxuna, and Chichen Itza may have directly contributed to the collapse of both cities.</p><br>
<h3>Decline</h3><br>
<p>According to some colonial Mayan sources (e.g., the Book of Chilam Balam of Chumayel), Hunac Ceel, ruler of Mayapan, conquered Chichen Itza in the 13th century. Hunac Ceel supposedly prophesied his own rise to power. According to custom at the time, individuals thrown into the Cenote Sagrado were believed to have the power of prophecy if they survived. During one such ceremony, the chronicles state, there were no survivors, so Hunac Ceel leaped into the Cenote Sagrado, and when removed, prophesied his own ascension.</p><br>
<p>While there is some archaeological evidence that indicates Chichén Itzá was at one time looted and sacked, there appears to be greater evidence that it could not have been by Mayapan, at least not when Chichén Itzá was an active urban center. Archaeological data now indicates that Chichen Itza declined as a regional center by 1250, before the rise of Mayapan. Ongoing research at the site of Mayapan may help resolve this chronological conundrum.</p><br>
<p>After Chichén Itzá elite activities ceased, the city may not have been abandoned. When the Spanish arrived, they found a thriving local population, although it is not clear from Spanish sources if Maya were living in Chichen Itza or nearby. The relatively high population density in the region was a factor in the conquistadors&#39; decision to locate a capital there. According to post-Conquest sources, both Spanish and Maya, the Cenote Sagrado remained a place of pilgrimage.</p><br>
<h3>Spanish conquest</h3><br>
<p>In 1526 Spanish Conquistador Francisco de Montejo (a veteran of the Grijalva and Cortés expeditions) successfully petitioned the King of Spain for a charter to conquer Yucatán. His first campaign in 1527, which covered much of the Yucatán Peninsula, decimated his forces but ended with the establishment of a small fort at Xaman Ha&#39;, south of what is today Cancún. Montejo returned to Yucatán in 1531 with reinforcements and established his main base at Campeche on the west coast. He sent his son, Francisco Montejo The Younger, in late 1532 to conquer the interior of the Yucatán Peninsula from the north. The objective from the beginning was to go to Chichén Itzá and establish a capital.</p><br>
<p>Montejo the Younger eventually arrived at Chichen Itza, which he renamed Ciudad Real. At first he encountered no resistance, and set about dividing the lands around the city and awarding them to his soldiers. The Maya became more hostile over time, and eventually they laid siege to the Spanish, cutting off their supply line to the coast, and forcing them to barricade themselves among the ruins of the ancient city. Months passed, but no reinforcements arrived. Montejo the Younger attempted an all out assault against the Maya and lost 150 of his remaining troops. He was forced to abandon Chichén Itzá in 1534 under cover of darkness. By 1535, all Spanish had been driven from the Yucatán Peninsula.</p><br>
<p>Montejo eventually returned to Yucatán and, by recruiting Maya from Campeche and Champoton, built a large Indio-Spanish army and conquered the peninsula. The Spanish crown later issued a land grant that included Chichen Itza and by 1588 it was a working cattle ranch.</p><br>
<h3>Modern history</h3><br>
<p>Chichen Itza entered the popular imagination in 1843 with the book Incidents of Travel in Yucatan by John Lloyd Stephens (with illustrations by Frederick Catherwood). The book recounted Stephens&#39; visit to Yucatán and his tour of Maya cities, including Chichén Itzá. The book prompted other explorations of the city. In 1860, Désiré Charnay surveyed Chichén Itzá and took numerous photographs that he published in Cités et ruines américaines (1863).</p><br>
<p>In 1875, Augustus Le Plongeon and his wife Alice Dixon Le Plongeon visited Chichén, and excavated a statue of a figure on its back, knees drawn up, upper torso raised on its elbows with a plate on its stomach. Augustus Le Plongeon called it "Chaacmol" (later renamed "Chac Mool", which has been the term to describe all types of this statuary found in Mesoamerica). Teobert Maler and Alfred Maudslay explored Chichén in the 1880s and both spent several weeks at the site and took extensive photographs. Maudslay published the first long-form description of Chichen Itza in his book, Biologia Centrali-Americana.</p><br>
<p>In 1894 the United States Consul to Yucatán, Edward Herbert Thompson, purchased the Hacienda Chichén, which included the ruins of Chichen Itza. For 30 years, Thompson explored the ancient city. His discoveries included the earliest dated carving upon a lintel in the Temple of the Initial Series and the excavation of several graves in the Osario (High Priest&#39;s Temple). Thompson is most famous for dredging the Cenote Sagrado (Sacred Cenote) from 1904 to 1910, where he recovered artifacts of gold, copper and carved jade, as well as the first-ever examples of what were believed to be pre-Columbian Maya cloth and wooden weapons. Thompson shipped the bulk of the artifacts to the Peabody Museum at Harvard University.</p><br>
<p>In 1913, the Carnegie Institution accepted the proposal of archaeologist Sylvanus G. Morley and committed to conduct long-term archaeological research at Chichen Itza. The Mexican Revolution and the following government instability, as well as World War I, delayed the project by a decade.</p><br>
<p>In 1923, the Mexican government awarded the Carnegie Institution a 10-year permit (later extended another 10 years) to allow USA archaeologists to conduct extensive excavation and restoration of Chichen Itza. Carnegie researchers excavated and restored the Temple of Warriors and the Caracol, among other major buildings. At the same time, the Mexican government excavated and restored El Castillo and the Great Ball Court.</p><br>
<p>In 1926, the Mexican government charged Edward Thompson with theft, claiming he stole the artifacts from the Cenote Sagrado and smuggled them out of the country. The government seized the Hacienda Chichén. Thompson, who was in the United States at the time, never returned to Yucatán. He wrote about his research and investigations of the Maya culture in a book People of the Serpent published in 1932. He died in New Jersey in 1935. In 1944 the Mexican Supreme Court ruled that Thompson had broken no laws and returned Chichen Itza to his heirs. The Thompsons sold the hacienda to tourism pioneer Fernando Barbachano Peon.</p><br>
<p>There have been two later expeditions to recover artifacts from the Cenote Sagrado, in 1961 and 1967. The first was sponsored by the National Geographic, and the second by private interests. Both projects were supervised by Mexicos National Institute of Anthropology and History (INAH). INAH has conducted an ongoing effort to excavate and restore other monuments in the archaeological zone, including the Osario, Akab Dzib, and several buildings in Chichén Viejo (Old Chichen).</p><br>
<p>In 2009, to investigate construction that predated El Castillo, Yucatec archaeologists began excavations adjacent to El Castillo under the direction of Rafael (Rach) Cobos.</p><br>
<h2>Site description</h2><br>
<p>Chichen Itza was one of the largest Maya cities, with the relatively densely clustered architecture of the site core covering an area of at least 5 km&sup2;. Smaller scale residential architecture extends for an unknown distance beyond this. The city was built upon broken terrain, which was artificially levelled in order to build the major architectural groups, with the greatest effort being expended in the levelling of the areas for the Castillo pyramid, and the Las Monjas, Osario and Main Southwest groups.</p><br>
<p>The site contains many fine stone buildings in various states of preservation, and many have been restored. The buildings were connected by a dense network of paved causeways, called sacbeob. Archaeologists have identified over 80 sacbeob criss-crossing the site, and extending in all directions from the city. Many of these stone buildings were originally painted in red, green, blue and purple colors. Pigments were chosen according to what was most easily available in the area. The site must be imagined as a colorful one, not like it is today. Just like gothic cathedrals in Europe, colors provided a greater sense of completeness and contributed greatly to the symbolic impact of the buildings.</p><br>
<p>The architecture encompasses a number of styles, including the Puuc and Chenes styles of the northern Yucatán Peninsula. The buildings of Chichen Itza are grouped in a series of architectonic sets, and each set was at one time separated from the other by a series of low walls. The three best known of these complexes are the Great North Platform, which includes the monuments of El Castillo, Temple of Warriors and the Great Ball Court; The Osario Group, which includes the pyramid of the same name as well as the Temple of Xtoloc; and the Central Group, which includes the Caracol, Las Monjas, and Akab Dzib.</p><br>
<p>South of Las Monjas, in an area known as Chichén Viejo (Old Chichén) and only open to archaeologists, are several other complexes, such as the Group of the Initial Series, Group of the Lintels, and Group of the Old Castle.</p><br>
<h3>Architectural styles</h3><br>
<p>The Puuc-style architecture is concentrated in the Old Chichen area, and also the earlier structures in the Nunnery Group (including the Las Monjas, Annex and La Iglesia buildings); it is also represented in the Akab Dzib structure. The Puuc-style building feature the usual mosaic-decorated upper façades characteristic of the style but differ from the architecture of the Puuc heartland in their block masonry walls, as opposed to the fine veneers of the Puuc region proper.</p><br>
<p>At least one structure in the Las Monjas Group features an ornate façade and masked doorway that are typical examples of Chenes-style architecture, a style centred upon a region in the north of Campeche state, lying between the Puuc and Río Bec regions.</p><br>
<p>Those structures with sculpted hieroglyphic script are concentrated in certain areas of the site, with the most important being the Las Monjas group.</p><br>
<h3>Architectural groups</h3><br>
<h4>Great North Platform</h4><br>
<h4>=El Castillo=</h4><br>
<p>Dominating the North Platform of Chichen Itza is the Temple of Kukulkan (a Maya feathered serpent deity similar to the Aztec Quetzalcoatl), usually referred to as El Castillo ("the castle"). This step pyramid stands about 30 m high and consists of a series of nine square terraces, each approximately 2.57 m high, with a 6 m high temple upon the summit.</p><br>
<p>The sides of the pyramid are approximately 55.3 m at the base and rise at an angle of 53°, although that varies slightly for each side. The four faces of the pyramid have protruding stairways that rise at an angle of 45°. The talud walls of each terrace slant at an angle of between 72° and 74°. At the base of the balustrades of the northeastern staircase are carved heads of a serpent.</p><br>
<p>Mesoamerican cultures periodically superimposed larger structures over older ones, and El Castillo is one such example. In the mid-1930s, the Mexican government sponsored an excavation of El Castillo. After several false starts, they discovered a staircase under the north side of the pyramid. By digging from the top, they found another temple buried below the current one.</p><br>
<p>Inside the temple chamber was a Chac Mool statue and a throne in the shape of Jaguar, painted red and with spots made of inlaid jade.</p><br>
<p>On the Spring and Autumn equinoxes, in the late afternoon, the northwest corner of the pyramid casts a series of triangular shadows against the western balustrade on the north side that evokes the appearance of a serpent wriggling down the staircase, which some scholars have suggested is a representation of the feathered-serpent god Kukulkan.</p><br>
<h4>=Great Ball Court=</h4><br>
<p>Archaeologists have identified thirteen ballcourts for playing the Mesoamerican ballgame in Chichen Itza, but the Great Ball Court about 150 m to the north-west of the Castillo is by far the most impressive. It is the largest and best preserved ball court in ancient Mesoamerica.</p><br>
<p>The parallel platforms flanking the main playing area are each 95 m long.</p><br>
<p>At the base of the high interior walls are slanted benches with sculpted panels of teams of ball players.</p><br>
<p>At one end of the Great Ball Court is the North Temple, also known as the Temple of the Bearded Man (Templo del Hombre Barbado). This small masonry building has detailed bas relief carving on the inner walls, including a center figure that has carving under his chin that resembles facial hair. At the south end is another, much bigger temple, but in ruins.</p><br>
<p>Built into the east wall are the Temples of the Jaguar. The Upper Temple of the Jaguar overlooks the ball court and has an entrance guarded by two, large columns carved in the familiar feathered serpent motif. Inside there is a large mural, much destroyed, which depicts a battle scene.</p><br>
<p>In the entrance to the Lower Temple of the Jaguar, which opens behind the ball court, is another Jaguar throne, similar to the one in the inner temple of El Castillo, except that it is well worn and missing paint or other decoration. The outer columns and the walls inside the temple are covered with elaborate bas-relief carvings.</p><br>
<h4>=Additional structures=</h4><br>
<p>The Tzompantli, or Skull Platform (Plataforma de los Cráneos), shows the clear cultural influence of the central Mexican Plateau. Unlike the tzompantli of the highlands, however, the skulls were impaled vertically rather than horizontally as at Tenochtitlan.</p><br>
<p>The Platform of the Eagles and the Jaguars (Plataforma de Águilas y Jaguares) is immediately to the east of the Great Ballcourt. It is built in a combination Maya and Toltec styles, with a staircase ascending each of its four sides. The sides are decorated with panels depicting eagles and jaguars consuming human hearts.</p><br>
<p>This Platform of Venus is dedicated to the planet Venus. In its interior archaeologists discovered a collection of large cones carved out of stone, the purpose of which is unknown. This platform is located north of El Castillo, between it and the Cenote Sagrado.</p><br>
<p>The Temple of the Tables is the northernmost of a series of buildings to the east of El Castillo. Its name comes from a series of altars at the top of the structure that are supported by small carved figures of men with upraised arms, called "atlantes."</p><br>
<p>The Steam Bath is a unique building with three parts: a waiting gallery, a water bath, and a steam chamber that operated by means of heated stones.</p><br>
<p>Sacbe Number One is a causeway that leads to the Cenote Sagrado, is the largest and most elaborate at Chichen Itza. This "white road" is 270 m long with an average width of 9 m. It begins at a low wall a few metres from the Platform of Venus. According to archaeologists there once was an extensive building with columns at the beginning of the road.</p><br>
<h4>=Sacred Cenote=</h4><br>
<p>The Yucatán Peninsula is a limestone plain, with no rivers or streams. The region is pockmarked with natural sinkholes, called cenotes, which expose the water table to the surface. One of the most impressive of these is the Cenote Sagrado, which is 60 m in diameter and surrounded by sheer cliffs that drop to the water table some 27 m below.</p><br>
<p>The Cenote Sagrado was a place of pilgrimage for ancient Maya people who, according to ethnohistoric sources, would conduct sacrifices during times of drought.</p><br>
<h4>=Temple of the Warriors=</h4><br>
<p>The Temple of the Warriors complex consists of a large stepped pyramid fronted and flanked by rows of carved columns depicting warriors. This complex is analogous to Temple B at the Toltec capital of Tula, and indicates some form of cultural contact between the two regions. The one at Chichen Itza, however, was constructed on a larger scale. At the top of the stairway on the pyramids summit (and leading towards the entrance of the pyramids temple) is a Chac Mool.</p><br>
<p>This temple encases or entombs a former structure called The Temple of the Chac Mool. The archeological expedition and restoration of this building was done by the Carnegie Institution of Washington from 1925 to 1928. A key member of this restoration was Earl H. Morris who published the work from this expedition in two volumes entitled Temple of the Warriors.</p><br>
<h4>=Group of a Thousand Columns=</h4><br>
<p>Along the south wall of the Temple of Warriors are a series of what are today exposed columns, although when the city was inhabited these would have supported an extensive roof system. The columns are in three distinct sections: A west group, that extends the lines of the front of the Temple of Warriors. A north group runs along the south wall of the Temple of Warriors and contains pillars with carvings of soldiers in bas-relief</p><br>
<p>A northeast group, which apparently formed a small temple at the southeast corner of the Temple of Warriors, contains a rectangular decorated with carvings of people or gods, as well as animals and serpents. The northeast column temple also covers a small marvel of engineering, a channel that funnels all the rainwater from the complex some 40 m away to a rejollada, a former cenote.</p><br>
<p>To the south of the Group of a Thousand Columns is a group of three, smaller, interconnected buildings. The Temple of the Carved Columns is a small elegant building that consists of a front gallery with an inner corridor that leads to an altar with a Chac Mool. There are also numerous columns with rich, bas-relief carvings of some 40 personages.</p><br>
<p>A section of the upper façade with a motif of xs and os is displayed in front of the structure. The Temple of the Small Tables which is an unrestored mound. And the Thompson&#39;s Temple (referred to in some sources as Palace of Ahau Balam Kauil ), a small building with two levels that has friezes depicting Jaguars (balam in Maya) as well as glyphs of the Maya god Kahuil.</p><br>
<h4>=El Mercado=</h4><br>
<p>This square structure anchors the southern end of the Temple of Warriors complex. It is so named for the shelf of stone that surrounds a large gallery and patio that early explorers theorized was used to display wares as in a marketplace. Today, archaeologists believe that its purpose was more ceremonial than commercial.</p><br>
<h4>Osario Group</h4><br>
<p>South of the North Group is a smaller platform that has many important structures, several of which appear to be oriented toward the second largest cenote at Chichen Itza, Xtoloc.</p><br>
<p>The Osario itself, like El Castillo, is a step-pyramid temple dominating its platform, only on a smaller scale. Like its larger neighbor, it has four sides with staircases on each side. There is a temple on top, but unlike El Castillo, at the center is an opening into the pyramid which leads to a natural cave 12 m below. Edward H. Thompson excavated this cave in the late 19th century, and because he found several skeletons and artifacts such as jade beads, he named the structure The High Priests&#39; Temple. Archaeologists today believe neither that the structure was a tomb nor that the personages buried in it were priests.</p><br>
<p>The Temple of Xtoloc is a recently restored temple outside the Osario Platform is. It overlooks the other large cenote at Chichen Itza, named after the Maya word for iguana, "Xtoloc." The temple contains a series of pilasters carved with images of people, as well as representations of plants, birds and mythological scenes.</p><br>
<p>Between the Xtoloc temple and the Osario are several aligned structures: The Platform of Venus (which is similar in design to the structure of the same name next to El Castillo), the Platform of the Tombs, and a small, round structure that is unnamed. These three structures were constructed in a row extending from the Osario. Beyond them the Osario platform terminates in a wall, which contains an opening to a sacbe that runs several hundred feet to the Xtoloc temple.</p><br>
<p>South of the Osario, at the boundary of the platform, there are two small buildings that archaeologists believe were residences for important personages. These have been named as the House of the Metates and the House of the Mestizas.</p><br>
<h4>Casa Colorada Group</h4><br>
<p>South of the Osario Group is another small platform that has several structures that are among the oldest in the Chichen Itza archaeological zone.</p><br>
<p>The Casa Colorada (Spanish for "Red House") is one of the best preserved buildings at Chichen Itza. Its Maya name is Chichanchob, which according to INAH may mean "small holes". In one chamber there are extensive carved hieroglyphs that mention rulers of Chichen Itza and possibly of the nearby city of Ek Balam, and contain a Maya date inscribed which correlates to 869 AD, one of the oldest such dates found in all of Chichen Itza.</p><br>
<p>In 2009, INAH restored a small ball court that adjoined the back wall of the Casa Colorada.</p><br>
<p>While the Casa Colorada is in a good state of preservation, other buildings in the group, with one exception, are decrepit mounds. One building is half standing, named La Casa del Venado (House of the Deer). This buildings name has been long used by the local Maya, and some authors mention that it was named after a deer painting over stucco that doesnt exist anymore.</p><br>
<h4>Central Group</h4><br>
<p>Las Monjas is one of the more notable structures at Chichen Itza. It is a complex of Terminal Classic buildings constructed in the Puuc architectural style. The Spanish named this complex Las Monjas ("The Nuns" or "The Nunnery") but it was actually a governmental palace. Just to the east is a small temple (known as the La Iglesia, "The Church") decorated with elaborate masks.</p><br>
<p>The Las Monjas group is distinguished by its concentration of hieroglyphic texts dating to the Late to Terminal Classic. These texts frequently mention a ruler by the name of Kakupakal.</p><br>
<p>El Caracol ("The Snail") is located to the north of Las Monjas. It is a round building on a large square platform. It gets its name from the stone spiral staircase inside. The structure, with its unusual placement on the platform and its round shape (the others are rectangular, in keeping with Maya practice), is theorized to have been a proto-observatory with doors and windows aligned to astronomical events, specifically around the path of Venus as it traverses the heavens.</p><br>
<p>Akab Dzib is located to the east of the Caracol. The name means, in Yucatec Mayan, "Dark Writing&quot "dark" in the sense of "mysterious". An earlier name of the building, according to a translation of glyphs in the Casa Colorada, is Wa(k)wak Puh Ak Na, "the flat house with the excessive number of chambers," and it was the home of the administrator of Chichén Itzá, kokom Yahawal Cho Kak&#39;.</p><br>
<p>INAH completed a restoration of the building in 2007. It is relatively short, only 6 m high, and is 50 m in length and 15 m wide. The long, western-facing façade has seven doorways. The eastern façade has only four doorways, broken by a large staircase that leads to the roof. This apparently was the front of the structure, and looks out over what is today a steep, dry, cenote.</p><br>
<p>The southern end of the building has one entrance. The door opens into a small chamber and on the opposite wall is another doorway, above which on the lintel are intricately carved glyphs—the "mysterious" or "obscure" writing that gives the building its name today. Under the lintel in the doorjamb is another carved panel of a seated figure surrounded by more glyphs. Inside one of the chambers, near the ceiling, is a painted hand print.</p><br>
<h4>Old Chichen</h4><br>
<p>Old Chichen (or Chichén Viejo in Spanish) is the name given to a group of structures to the south of the central site, where most of the Puuc-style architecture of the city is concentrated. It includes the Initial Series Group, the Phallic Temple, the Platform of the Great Turtle, the Temple of the Owls, and the Temple of the Monkeys.</p><br>
<h4>Other structures</h4><br>
<p>Chichen Itza also has a variety of other structures densely packed in the ceremonial center of about 5 km&sup2; and several outlying subsidiary sites.</p><br>
<h4>Caves of Balankanche</h4><br>
<p>Approximately 4 km south east of the Chichen Itza archaeological zone are a network of sacred caves known as Balankanche (Gruta de Balankanche), Balamkaanche in Yucatec Maya). In the caves, a large selection of ancient pottery and idols may be seen still in the positions where they were left in pre-Columbian times.</p><br>
<p>The location of the cave has been well known in modern times. Edward Thompson and Alfred Tozzer visited it in 1905. A.S. Pearse and a team of biologists explored the cave in 1932 and 1936. E. Wyllys Andrews IV also explored the cave in the 1930s. Edwin Shook and R.E. Smith explored the cave on behalf of the Carnegie Institution in 1954, and dug several trenches to recover potsherds and other artifacts. Shook determined that the cave had been inhabited over a long period, at least from the Preclassic to the post-conquest era.</p><br>
<p>On 15 September 1959, José Humberto Gómez, a local guide, discovered a false wall in the cave. Behind it he found an extended network of caves with significant quantities of undisturbed archaeological remains, including pottery and stone-carved censers, stone implements and jewelry. INAH converted the cave into an underground museum, and the objects after being catalogued were returned to their original place so visitors can see them in situ.</p><br>
<h2>Tourism</h2><br>
<p>Chichen Itza is one of the most visited archaeological sites in Mexico; in 2014 it was estimated to receive an average of 1.4 million visitors every year.</p><br>
<p>Tourism has been a factor at Chichen Itza for more than a century. John Lloyd Stephens, who popularized the Maya Yucatán in the public&#39;s imagination with his book Incidents of Travel in Yucatan, inspired many to make a pilgrimage to Chichén Itzá. Even before the book was published, Benjamin Norman and Baron Emanuel von Friedrichsthal traveled to Chichen after meeting Stephens, and both published the results of what they found. Friedrichsthal was the first to photograph Chichen Itza, using the recently invented daguerreotype.</p><br>
<p>After Edward Thompson in 1894 purchased the Hacienda Chichén, which included Chichen Itza, he received a constant stream of visitors. In 1910 he announced his intention to construct a hotel on his property, but abandoned those plans, probably because of the Mexican Revolution.</p><br>
<p>In the early 1920s, a group of Yucatecans, led by writer/photographer Francisco Gomez Rul, began working toward expanding tourism to Yucatán. They urged Governor Felipe Carrillo Puerto to build roads to the more famous monuments, including Chichen Itza. In 1923, Governor Carrillo Puerto officially opened the highway to Chichen Itza. Gomez Rul published one of the first guidebooks to Yucatán and the ruins.</p><br>
<p>Gomez Ruls son-in-law, Fernando Barbachano Peon (a grandnephew of former Yucatán Governor Miguel Barbachano), started Yucatáns first official tourism business in the early 1920s. He began by meeting passengers who arrived by steamship at Progreso, the port north of Mérida, and persuading them to spend a week in Yucatán, after which they would catch the next steamship to their next destination. In his first year Barbachano Peon reportedly was only able to convince seven passengers to leave the ship and join him on a tour. In the mid-1920s Barbachano Peon persuaded Edward Thompson to sell 5 acre next to Chichen for a hotel. In 1930, the Mayaland Hotel opened, just north of the Hacienda Chichén, which had been taken over by the Carnegie Institution.</p><br>
<p>In 1944, Barbachano Peon purchased all of the Hacienda Chichén, including Chichen Itza, from the heirs of Edward Thompson. Around that same time the Carnegie Institution completed its work at Chichen Itza and abandoned the Hacienda Chichén, which Barbachano turned into another seasonal hotel.</p><br>
<p>In 1972, Mexico enacted the Ley Federal Sobre Monumentos y Zonas Arqueológicas, Artísticas e Históricas (Federal Law over Monuments and Archeological, Artistic and Historic Sites) that put all the nation&#39;s pre-Columbian monuments, including those at Chichen Itza, under federal ownership. There were now hundreds, if not thousands, of visitors every year to Chichen Itza, and more were expected with the development of the Cancún resort area to the east.</p><br>
<p>In the 1980s, Chichen Itza began to receive an influx of visitors on the day of the spring equinox. Today several thousand show up to see the light-and-shadow effect on the Temple of Kukulcan in which the feathered serpent god appears to crawl down the side of the pyramid. Tourists are also amazed by the acoustics at Chichen Itza. For instance a handclap in front of the staircase of the El Castillo pyramid is followed by an echo that resembles the chirp of a quetzal as investigated by Declercq.</p><br>
<p>Chichen Itza, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is the second-most visited of Mexicos archaeological sites. The archaeological site draws many visitors from the popular tourist resort of Cancún, who make a day trip on tour buses. In 2007, Chichen Itzas El Castillo was named one of the New Seven Wonders of the World after a worldwide vote. Despite the fact that the vote was sponsored by a commercial enterprise, and that its methodology was criticized, the vote was embraced by government and tourism officials in Mexico who project that as a result of the publicity the number of tourists expected to visit Chichen will double by 2012.</p><br>
<p>The ensuing publicity re-ignited debate in Mexico over the ownership of the site, which culminated on 29 March 2010 when the state of Yucatán purchased the land upon which the most recognized monuments rest from owner Hans Juergen Thies Barbachano.</p><br>
<p>Over the past several years, INAH, which manages the site, has been closing monuments to public access. While visitors can walk around them, they can no longer climb them or go inside their chambers. The most recent was El Castillo, which was closed after a San Diego, California, woman fell to her death in 2006.</p><br>
<h2>Photo gallery</h2><br>
<p>Canterbury Falls is a 9-metre ribbon waterfall that flows year round in Ancaster in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.</p><br>
<p>Nearby attractions include the Old Mill Restaurant, retail and convenience stores, the Dundas Valley Conservation Area, Bruce Trail, Sherman Falls, Canterbury Hills Conference Centre and Church Camp.</p><br>
<p>Little Canterbury Falls is a slim 4 metre high cascade waterfall that flows just east of Canterbury Falls. Best viewed in the springtime as it tends to dry up in the summer months.</p><br>
<h2>Directions</h2><br>
<p>By foot can be accessed vis the Bruce Trail near the Dundas Valley Conservation Area.</p><br>
<p>From Highway 403, take the Lincoln M. Alexander Parkway exit and keep to the right to merge onto Rousseau Street. Stay on it until the end. At the T intersection, turn right onto Wilson Street. Then turn left onto Montgomery Road and turn right at the stop sign onto Old Dundas Road. At the 3-way Stop intersection, go straight onto Lions Club Road and park on the gravel shoulder. On the opposite side of the road, follow the Bruce Trail southwest to the second wooden bridge (about a 15 - 20 minute walk). The waterfall is beside this bridge.</p><br>
<p>Mellor Hall is a country hall in Mellor, Greater Manchester, England, 0.4 mi north of The Devonshire Arms off Longhurst Lane.</p><br>
<p>The completion date of the present hall is thought to be 1688. The hall and the adjoining farmhouse, dated to 1691 and originally a smithy, has been designated by English Heritage as a Grade II* listed building.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Mellor Hall was historically the seat of the Mellor family from the 15th century, and afterwards belonged to the Radcliffes. In 1686, James Chetham purchased the Mellor and Botham Hall estates in Mellor from Susanna Radcliffe, daughter of William Radcliffe. It is believed that he ordered a rebuilding of the previous manor house; the year 1688 has been mentioned as the year of completion of the hall and 1691 as the year of completion of the farmhouse, which appears to have been used originally as a smithy. His great-grandson, Thomas Chetham of Highgate, Middlesex, sold the Bothams Hall estate in 1787 to local cotton magnate Samuel Oldknow, and the Mellor Hall estate to Ralph Bridge in about 1797. Bridge&#39;s son was using the hall as a farm house as of 1819.</p><br>
<p>On 20 December 1967 the house became a Grade II* listed farmhouse. In 1978, Stockport Metropolitan Borough Council established the Mellor/Moorend Conservation Area on the border of Stockport and Derbyshire, which incorporates the hamlet of Moorend and outlying farms Longshaw Clough and Podnor, settlements at the end of Longhurst Lane, including Brook Bottom and Lower Hall and St Thomas’ Church and Mellor Hall. The conservation area was extended in 2007.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The main hall was completed in 1688 according to Nicholas Pevsner, and the adjoining farmhouse is dated "IC 1691", It is built of grey ashlar, with a graduated stone slate roof. The hall is a 2-storey building, with 7 bays on each floor, and a central door displaying a coat of arms and a steep broken swan-neck pediment. 6 of the ground floor windows are fitted with light ogee mullion and transom windows, with marginal glazing bars and keystones, and all of the 7 first floor windows are sash windows with marginal glazing bars, cyma-moulded surrounds and keystones. On the rear is a wing, with a hipped roof and quoins, mullion and transom windows; the 2 storey farmhouse extends from this wing, with 3 bays on each floor, and a central chimney stack. The interior is described as having a "massive hearth with segmental keystone arch."</p><br>
<p>The Home of Lotta Crabtree is located in downtown Grass Valley, California at 238 Mill Street.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Lotta&#39;s father, John Crabtree, arrived to Grass Valley in the early 1850s as part of the California Gold Rush. Lotta and her mother joined him in 1853. The Crabtrees, British immigrants, ran their home as a boarding house for the miners, many of whom were Cornish. Lotta, then age six, caught the attention of her neighbor, the internationally acclaimed singer and dancer Lola Montez, whose home (later, a historical landmark) was on the same street. Lotta moved away in 1856, later becoming a wealthy and beloved American entertainer of the late 19th century.</p><br>
<h2>Landmark</h2><br>
<p>This Nevada County building is honored as California Historical Landmark No. 293, registered on 15 August 1938. The plaque&#39;s inscription states:</p><br>
<p>Home of Lotta Crabtree</p><br>
<p>Lotta Crabtree was born in New York in 1847. In 1852-3 the gold fever brought her family to California. Several months after arriving in San Francisco, Mrs. Crabtree and Lotta went to Grass Valley and with Mr. Crabtree started a boarding house for miners. It was here that Lotta met Lola Montez, who taught her to sing and dance. In Scales, Plumas County, Lotta made her first public appearance, which led to a successful career on stage here and abroad.</p><br>
<p>The house is also listed in a database of womens history sites created by the Womens Progress Commemorative Commission.</p><br>
<p>Moland House  is an old stone farmhouse built around 1750, by John Moland , a prominent Philadelphia and Bucks County lawyer. Although physically located in Hartsville, Warwick Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, its mailing address is in Warminster Township, Pennsylvania. The house served as the headquarters for General George Washington during the American Revolutionary War from August 10 to 23, 1777 while on the way to the Battle of Brandywine. The encampment stretched along both sides of Old York Road, on the slope of Carrs hill to the north; both sides of Bristol Road from Mearns Road to Meetinghouse Road. The Battle of Crooked Billet ended near here on May 1, 1778.</p><br>
<p>Moland House is owned by Warwick Township and is being restored and maintained by the Warwick Township Historical Society through grants from Warwick Township, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and the federal government, plus by private foundations and individual donors. Restoration began in 1997, and although it is nearly complete, a number of projects remain to be funded.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In the early evening of August 10, 1777, 11,000 Continental Army and militia soldiers were marching up York Road towards the Cross Roads with Bristol Road (which is known today as Hartsville, PA) on their way to Coryell’s Ferry (now New Hope), intending to camp four miles beyond the Delaware River in New Jersey.</p><br>
<p>General George Washington received a dispatch from John Hancock, President of the Second Continental Congress, which told Washington that the 260-vessel British fleet, hauling 17,000 British Army and Hessian troops under General William Howe, was fifty miles south of the Delaware Capes (Cape May and Cape Henlopen) on August 7.</p><br>
<p>Unsure and wary of Howe’s intentions, Washington immediately halted his force to encamp around the bridge over the Little Neshaminy Creek in Warwick Twp. Knowing the area and having ridden through only ten days earlier, he selected the substantial stone dwelling of Widow Moland as his headquarters on the farm north of the bridge. General Washington held a "Council of War" with his four major generals and six brigadier generals in the Moland House.</p><br>
<p>While in Warwick Township the Betsy Ross flag, an American flag that was allegedly designed by Betsy Ross, was first presented to General Washington. Verbal history of the area alleges that the encampment was the site where the American flag was first flown. It was also here that the Marquis de Lafayette and Count Casimir Pulaski joined the American Revolution and distinguished themselves soon at the Battle of Brandywine and for many years thereafter in the fight for American freedom from England.</p><br>
<p>During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the Moland House was recognized as an important landmark, however, it did remain a private residence. The Moland house was the site of meetings of history-interested groups during the first half of the 20th century. Members of Sons of the Revolution met there in 1903 and a group of French educators and military officers taking part in the Lafayette College Centennial Celebration met there 1932.</p><br>
<p>During the 1960s or early 1970s the Moland House ceased to be a private residence and became a rooming house. According to local residents, as a rooming house, it was frequented by members of motorcycle gangs. It fell into disrepair and was abandoned by 1985. It was then that a concerned group of local citizens began to take action and in concert with a local housing developer and local authorities, rescued Moland House.</p><br>
<h2>Historical marker</h2><br>
<p>Marker Text:</p><br>
<p>Gen. Washington&#39;s headquarters Aug. 10-23, 1777, during the Neshaminy encampment of 11,000 troops. Here, the Marquis de Lafayette functioned for the first time as Major General at the Council of War on Aug. 21, and Count Casimir Pulaski of Poland met Washington for the first time. An experienced military commander, Pulaski was later appointed Brigadier General of mounted troops and is remembered as the "Father of the American Cavalry."</p><br>
<h2>Preservation</h2><br>
<p>Preservation of the Moland house is in the hands of the Warwick Township Historical Society, P.O. Box 107, Jamison, PA 18929-0107.</p><br>
<p>Archaeological studies on the Moland House property have been performed by the Millbrook Society of Hatboro, PA., a non-profit organization, whose archaeological projects at the Moland House have included excavations, geophysical scanning, and the analysis of building features. You may find their reports under ARCHAEOLOGY at</p><br>
<p>Kontias  is a village on the Greek island of Lemnos, North Aegean. It is the seat of the municipal unit Nea Koutali. In 2011 its population was 572. Kontias is situated in the southwestern part of the island, 2 km west of Tsimandria, 3 km southwest of Portianou and 8 km east of the island capital Myrina</p><br>
<h2>Population</h2><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Byzantine period</h3><br>
<p>The village was first mentioned as "the old castle of Konteas" in a census document of the Great Lavra monastery, of which it was a dependency. This castle had probably been built during the Venetian rule of the island (1207–76). According to local legends, the village was originally located near the sea, and it was resettled to the present inland location due to pirate raids. The original location was probably the small port of Agios Giannis, where ruins of a castle still remain.</p><br>
<h3>Ottoman period</h3><br>
<p>The bay of Kontias was mentioned by the Turkish naval sailor Piri Reis in 1521 as "Qondia Körfezi". Ships awaited favourable conditions to enter the Hellespont straits there. Piri Reis mentioned a castle at the bay, but no village. In the following ages, the port was mentioned by several travellers in the area. In 1770, during the Orlov Revolt, part of the Russian Navy fleet anchored in the port of Kontias, when they besieged Myrina.</p><br>
<p>The first mention of the village in the present location was in 1785, by Choiseul-Gouffier. Kontias was an organized settlement and one of the largest villages on the island. In 1856 it had 290 men who paid 9,280 piatres to avoid conscription. It had 176 families in 1863, and 187 in 1874. In the same year the municipality of Kontias was mentioned, consisting of the villages Kontias, Tsimandria, Portianou, Agkariones, Pesperago (now Pedino), Sarpi (now Kallithea) and Livadochori. This corresponds with the present municipal unit Nea Koutali. It was a rich village, because besides the agricultural activities there were many sailors and shipowners, including Papagiannis with 60 boats. The village school was first mentioned in 1873. A new school building was built in 1880. In 1910 two fountains were built: Tsikoulas and Kali Vrysi.</p><br>
<h3>Modern period</h3><br>
<p>Kontias joined the rest of Greece after the Balkan Wars in 1913. It became an independent community in 1918 named Kondias, which was changed into Kontias in 1940. During the years between the world wars, it had a remarkable growth in economy and population. In 1920 it had 1,272 inhabitants, making it the third largest village in Lemnos. In 1940 it had 1,500 inhabitants, making it the second village in population, after Myrina. A refugee settlement was built in 1926. Cotton production on Lemnos began from Kontias. After World War II, the population decreased due to internal and external migration. The population was 551 in 1991.</p><br>
<p>Sydenham Falls is a 15 metre ribbon waterfall near the Spencer Gorge / Webster&#39;s Falls Conservation Area in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.</p><br>
<p>The three Sydenham waterfalls, Sydenham Falls, Middle Sydenham Falls and Lower Sydenham Falls, are found on Sydenham Creek close to Sydenham Road. All three waterfalls are on private property. They are named after Baron Charles E.P.T. Sydenham, Governor-General of Upper Canada from 1839 to 1841.</p><br>
<p>Lower Sydenham Falls is a 3 metre high and 4 metre wide classical waterfall. Middle Sydenham Falls is a 5 metre high and 5 metre wide classical waterfall. Both of these waterfalls are seasonal and best viewed in the springtime.</p><br>
<p>Nearby attractions include Websters Falls, Tews Falls, Bruce Trail and Rock Chapel in Dundas.</p><br>
<h2>Directions</h2><br>
<p>From Highway 403 travel west on Main Street West for 3 km; it will become Osler Drive. Proceed to King Street in downtown Dundas. Turn left on King Street. At next light turn right on Sydenham Road travel for 500 meters until you see an overhead railway bridge. Park your car on the street and look for Bruce Trail markers ascending the escarpment.</p><br>
<p>The Neutra Office Building is a 4,800 ft&sup2; office building in the Silver Lake section of Los Angeles, California. The building was owned and designed by Modernist architect Richard Neutra in 1950. It served as the studio and office for Neutras architecture practice from 1950 until Neutras death in 1970. The building has been declared a Historic Cultural Monument and listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It was listed for sale in 2007 at an asking price of $3,500,000.</p><br>
<h2>Richard Neutra</h2><br>
<p>Architect Richard Neutra (1892-1970), a native of Vienna, Austria, moved to Los Angeles in 1925 to work with Rudolph Schindler on Frank Lloyd Wright&#39;s Barnsdall Park project. In 1929, Neutra became famous in his own right with the completion of his landmark Modernist Lovell House in the Los Feliz section of Los Angeles. Over the next 20 years, Neutra became one of the recognized innovators and leaders of Modernist architecture.</p><br>
<h2>Construction and architecture of the Neutra Office Building</h2><br>
<p>Neutra built the Silver Lake office building in 1950 to house his own architectural practice. Neutra designed the building with his son, Dion Neutra, acting as project architect and Red Marsh as the contractor. The one-story office building includes two reception areas, two conference rooms, and a large open office space. The building also includes two residential units with an enclosed garden at the rear of the building. The building has been carefully preserved by Neutra&#39;s son, Dion Neutra. Many original built-ins and design details remain intact, including custom strip lighting, acoustic tiles, exposed ducting, operable louvers, and blue Aklo glass.</p><br>
<h2>Operation as Neutra's design studio</h2><br>
<p>The building has been called "a piece of L.A. history since most of (Neutras) L.A. buildings were probably dreamed up in this very office." Jay Platt of the Los Angeles Conservancy has said of the buildings significance, "The real importance of the office is that it provided the creative environment in which Neutra produced all of his now famous homes." In fact, his early works pre-date the building, but it was in this building that Neutra designed many of his landmark buildings, including the USA Embassy in Karachi, Pakistan, the, the Gettysburg Cyclorama Building, the, and the Huntington Beach Public Library. The building remained the site of the Neutra architectural practice even after Neutra&#39;s death in 1970—as Dion Neutra continued the practice at the site until the 1990s.</p><br>
<h2>Historic designation</h2><br>
<p>Known mostly for his residential designs, the Neutra Office Building in Silver Lake is Neutras only surviving commercial structure with Neutras original design. Marketing materials for the building call it "a pristine example of the work of one of the seminal architects of the Modernist movement" and "the only remaining example of Neutra commercial design, still with its original look." The building was designated a Historic Cultural Monument (HCM #676) by the Los Angeles Cultural Heritage Commission in 2000 and listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.</p><br>
<h2>Listing of the building for sale in 2006</h2><br>
<p>After 56 years of being owned by the Neutra family, Dion Neutra listed the building for sale in November 2006 at an asking price of $3,500,000. The sale was conditioned on the buyer accepting a protective conservation easement, which Dion Neutra considered essential to prevent his fathers work from disappearing. He told the National Trust for Historic Preservation: "Im hoping to find a suitable steward while Im alive that would take care of the building into the foreseeable future." One critic wrote of Dions "delusional price comparison of his father&#39;s office building to the paintings of Klimt & Pollack." As of July 2008, after 20 months on the market, the Neutra web site continued to list the building for sale.</p><br>
<p>Nocoroco is the site of a Timucuan village located on the Tomoka River, in Tomoka State Park. The park is located two or three miles north of Ormond Beach, Florida on North Beach Street.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Approximately seven thousand years ago, during the Archaic Period, indigenous people found plentiful fish and shellfish at this site in the shelter of a barrier island to the east. This late St. Johns period site represents one of the last Timucuan strongholds in northeastern Florida. All that remains today of these native peoples are the shell middens, which help modern archaeologists document their lives.</p><br>
<p>The British occupation began in 1763 when Great Britain received Florida from Spain in a trade. The site of the village of Nocoroco was part of a British land-grant called Mt. Oswald, held by Richard Oswald. His plantation grew indigo and rice. After its return to the Spanish in 1783, the area was likely cultivated until many plantations were destroyed near the beginning of the Second Seminole War in 1835.</p><br>
<h2>Site Archeology</h2><br>
<p>The midden at Nocoroco is mainly composed largely of a black earth accumulation, with pockets of shell and a few larger shell accumulations. The midden differs from most common middens in the region, which are mostly shell. Shell types include Ostrea Virginica, Venus Mercenaria, Tagelus Gibbus, Arca (sp.), Donax Varabilis, Modiolus Plicatulus, Busycon Perversum, and Murex Fulvescens. Animal bones were not preserved well and typically were quite fragmentary. Among mammals, the most prevalent source of food seems to have been deer, but other types of bones, such as fish, turtle and alligator remains, were all present.</p><br>
<h2>NRHP listing</h2><br>
<p>On May 7, 1973, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places as a site significant for its information potential in the area of aboriginal history.</p><br>
<h2>Present day</h2><br>
<p>Today the site of the village of Nocoroco is marked by a large fountain sculpture, called the "Tomokie Fountain", created by Frederick Dana Marsh. According to information at the site, references to the legend date back more than one hundred years.</p><br>
<p>The Garrison Grist Mill Historic District is a 13.4 acre parcel of Highlands Country Club located at the southwest corner of the intersection of NY 9D and Lower Station Road  in Garrison, New York, United States. It contains three buildings, including the titular gristmill (believed to be one of the oldest in the county, and a dam, all dating to the colonial era or the early years of American independence. They are interspersed within the club&#39;s golf course, and actually come under the ownership of the Open Space Institute.</p><br>
<p>Little is known about who built the structures, and when. Their architecture suggests they are among the oldest buildings in Garrison, some of the few extant examples of vernacular architecture in the hamlet. They were added to the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) as a historic district in 1992.</p><br>
<h2>Geography and properties</h2><br>
<p>The district is bounded on the east by Route 9D, the north by Lower Station Road, the south by Arden Brook and the west by a dirt path that goes from Lower Station to the brook. Other NRHP-listed properties are nearby: The Birches is across 9D, the Mandeville House across Lower Station and Wilson House a short distance to the west down Lower Station, which leads to the train station and the neighboring Garrison Landing Historic District. Castle Rock is visible to the east atop a nearby mountain. The three buildings and one structure, all contributing resources, are located between the fairways of the golf course.</p><br>
<p>The most noticeable building in the district is the red frame one-and-half-story farmhouse visible from the nearby intersection. It sits on a slight slope to the nearby Hudson River. Its shingle siding was applied later over painted weatherboard. The main block retains more of its original furnishing and layout than the kitchen wing.</p><br>
<p>Five hundred feet (500 ft) south of the farmhouse is a New World Dutch barn, in the traditional wood-frame style with large wagon doors at each end. It is sided in weathered clapboard. To its northwest sits the millpond, and at the other end is the gristmill, where the landscape begins to descend more steeply to the river. It is a -story building that has been converted to an apartment in part. In addition to that there have been other renovations and deterioration to the property over the years.</p><br>
<p>The last property in the district is the dam. It is made of locally quarried stone and begins 50 ft east of the mill, following a natural fall line at the northwest corner of the district.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>There is little, if any, mention of the mill, barn or farmhouse in early histories or maps of the Garrison area. Although the architectural styles and building materials strongly suggest a mid- to late 18th century construction date, similar buildings are known to have been erected in the Hudson Valley as late as 1820. The framing system of the farmhouse is more commonly found in the lower valley, in areas closer to New York City that were settled earlier, and more study is needed, especially given the high integrity of the structure.</p><br>
<p>The earliest landowner known to have developed property in the area was Jacob Mandeville, a New York City businessman who leased 400 acre in the area from Beverley Robinson in 1735 and built his still-extant home just outside the district. It is possible that he could have built the farm and mill before the Revolution, but there is no record that would prove this.</p><br>
<p>His landlord was a Virginian who had married into the Philipse family, whose vast landholdings extended from the Garrison area almost to what is today known as Spuyten Duyvil in the Bronx, was like his in-laws a Loyalist during the Revolution who actively fought for the crown. The Robinson and Philipse lands were confiscated during the war, and after the colonists&#39; victory he left for England. Mandeville was allowed to live out his life on the (now subdivided) property he had leased, and after his death in 1784 it was purchased by his son-in-law, Joshua Nelson.</p><br>
<p>Nelson further subdivided the property, and in 1792 sold the 70 acre parcel including the district. From him it passed through several other owners, who appear to have continued to farm and mill. The last of these, Thomas Arden and his family, acquired the property in 1820 and continued to own it for the rest of the century. In 1899, the Ardenia Corporation, a local conservation organization, took title and, shortly afterward, leased it to the newly formed Highlands Country Club for use as part of its golf course.</p><br>
<p>As Garrison became a popular area to build large riverside estates, the properties remained untouched but were also largely ignored by any historians of the area. In 1934, however, Thomas Hotchkiss, a Peekskill man working for the Historic American Buildings Survey, visited what he described as the "Galloway Farmhouse", then in use as a greenskeepers lodge, and wrote a brief report as well as taking photographs and making sketches. Hotchkiss noted the unique historicity of a group of buildings that were so old having survived the later surge of local development, and documented some features of the buildings, particularly the mill wheels exterior gearing, that have since been lost.</p><br>
<p>In 1986 it came under the control of the Open Space Institute (OSI), as part of a 71 acre parcel that became Arden Point State Park. OSI renovated the mill, and has allowed the club to continue its use as a golf course, since that preserves the original agricultural character of the surrounding land.</p><br>
<p>St. Andrew&#39;s Episcopal Church built in 1871 is a historic Carpenter Gothic Episcopal Church located in Clinton, Louisiana. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The congregation meets at 9 A.M. each Sunday for Holy Eucharist three Sundays a month and Morning Prayer on the other Sunday(s). Coffee and fellowship follow immediately in the parish hall. All are welcome.</p><br>
<p>The church is located at 11015 Church St., Clinton, LA 70722. The phone number is (225) 683-5498.</p><br>
<p>Parts of the 1958 movie, The Long, Hot Summer, which starred Paul Newman, Lee Remick and Joanne Woodward, were filmed at the church. On June 21, 1984, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places St. Andrew&#39;s Episcopal Church is still an active parish in the Episcopal Diocese of Louisiana.</p><br>
<p>Pignut Mountain is a mountain in Rappahannock County, Virginia. It is part of the Blue Ridge Mountains. Its summit lies within Shenandoah National Park.</p><br>
<h2>Geology</h2><br>
<p>Geologically speaking, the mountain is situated in the northern subprovince of the Blue Ridge Province of the Appalachian Highlands. It is part of the Crystalline Appalachians. Pignut Mountain is separated from the main Blue Ridge by a low gap. The gap is the result of relatively rapid erosion along a geological fault.</p><br>
<h2>Visiting Pignut Mountain</h2><br>
<p>Pignut Mountain is entirely undeveloped. There are no trails or roads leading up the mountain. The summit can be reached by bushwhacking from the Hull School Trail, accessible from Skyline Drive. The closest scenic viewpoints along Skyline Drive from which to view Pignut Mountain are Thornton Hollow Overlook, situated on nearby Neighbor Mountain, Little Devils Stairs Overlook on Hogback Mountain and Rattlesnake Point Overlook on Sugarloaf. Thornton Hollow Overlook provides a view from the west; Little Devils Stairs Overlook provides a view from the north; and Rattlesnake Point Overlook provides a view from the northwest.</p><br>
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<p>The Beal–Gaillard House is a historic house located at 111 Myrtlewood Lane in Mobile, Alabama. It is locally significant as an excellent example of a large country home constructed before the widespread use of highly sophisticated moldings and columnar orders.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>It was built in 1836 in a Creole cottage style. It is located at the center of its original 5 acre plot, the northwest corner of which has been sold to a relative. The frame dwelling is raised on a high foundation wall made of about 32 courses of brick, and giving sufficient head room to be able to examine the beautifully mortised and pegged framing. It was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on October 18, 1984 as a part of the 19th Century Spring Hill Neighborhood Thematic Resource.</p><br>
<p>Mount Blanco is a small white hill — an erosional remnant — located on the eastern border of the Llano Estacado within Blanco Canyon in Crosby County, Texas. It is the type locality of the Blanco Formation and Blancan Fauna, which occurs throughout North America.</p><br>
<h2>Geology</h2><br>
<p>The term "Blanco Canyon beds", later shortened to "Blanco beds", was first applied to this formation in 1890 by William F. Cummins of the Geological Survey of Texas. The Blanco beds are considered to be of lacustrine origin – deposited in a Pleistocene lake basin set in the Ogallala formation of Pliocene age which underlies the upper surface sediments of the Llano Estacado. The thickness of the Blanco beds varies from around 22 to 26 m thick at the most. The formation mainly consists of light-gray fine-grained mudstone, sandstone, and some conglomerate. These light-colored sediments contrast sharply with the rust-colored sediments of the Ogallala Formation.</p><br>
<h3>Fossil fauna</h3><br>
<p>All fossil fauna are from Mount Blanco modified from Dalquest (1975) unless otherwise noted.</p><br>
<p>Class Mammalia</p><br>
<p>Order Perissodactyla</p><br>
<p>* Family Equidae</p><br>
<p>** †Equus cumminsi</p><br>
<p>** †Equus simplicidens</p><br>
<p>** †Nannippus peninsulatus</p><br>
<p>Order Artiodactyla</p><br>
<p>* Family Antilocapridae</p><br>
<p>* Family Camelidae</p><br>
<p>** †Blancocamelus meadei</p><br>
<p>** †Camelops traviswhitei</p><br>
<p>** †Canimartes cumminsi</p><br>
<p>** †Titanotylopus spatulus</p><br>
<p>* Family Cervidae</p><br>
<p>** †Odocoileus brachyodontus</p><br>
<p>* Family Tayassuidae</p><br>
<p>** †Platygonus biccalcaratus</p><br>
<p>** †Tanupolama blancoensis</p><br>
<p>Superorder Edentata</p><br>
<p>* Family †Glyptodontidae</p><br>
<p>** †Glyptotherium texanum</p><br>
<p>* Family Megalonychidae</p><br>
<p>** †Megalonyx leptostomus</p><br>
<p>* Family †Mylodontidae</p><br>
<p>** †Glossotherium chapadmalens</p><br>
<p>Order Lagomorpha</p><br>
<p>* Family Leporidae</p><br>
<p>** †Hypolagus sp.</p><br>
<p>** †Nekrolagus progressus</p><br>
<p>Order Proboscidea</p><br>
<p>* Family †Gomphotheriidae</p><br>
<p>** †Stegomastodon mirificus</p><br>
<p>Order Carnivora</p><br>
<p>* Family Canidae</p><br>
<p>** †Borophagus diversidens</p><br>
<p>** †Canis lepophagus</p><br>
<p>* Family Felidae</p><br>
<p>** †Felis cf. lacustris</p><br>
<p>** †Dinofelis palaeoonca</p><br>
<p>** †Homotherium</p><br>
<p>* Family Hyaenidae</p><br>
<p>** †Chasmaporthetes ossifragus</p><br>
<p>* Family Mustelidae</p><br>
<p>** †Canimartes cummins</p><br>
<p>** †Spilogale rexroadi</p><br>
<p>Order Rodentia</p><br>
<p>* Family Sciuridae</p><br>
<p>** †Paenemarmota barbouri</p><br>
<p>** Spermophilus sp.</p><br>
<p>** †Spermophilius howelli</p><br>
<p>* Family Geomyidae</p><br>
<p>** Geomys sp.</p><br>
<p>* Family Heteromyidae</p><br>
<p>** †Perognathus parlettensis</p><br>
<p>** †Perognathus rexroadensis</p><br>
<p>** †Prodipomys centralis</p><br>
<p>* Family Cricetidae</p><br>
<p>** Baiomys sp.</p><br>
<p>** †Bensonomys sp.</p><br>
<p>** †Neotoma quadriplicatus</p><br>
<p>** Onychomys sp.</p><br>
<p>** † Peromyscus kansasensis</p><br>
<p>** Reithrodontomys sp.</p><br>
<p>** †Sigmodon medius</p><br>
<p>Class Reptilia</p><br>
<p>Order Testudinata</p><br>
<p>* Family Testudinidae</p><br>
<p>** Geochelone sp.</p><br>
<h2>Images</h2><br>
<p>The Gulf, Mobile and Ohio Passenger Terminal is a historic train station in Mobile, Alabama, United States. Architect P. Thornton Marye designed the Mission Revival style terminal for the Mobile and Ohio Railroad. It was completed in 1907 at a total cost of $575,000. The Mobile and Ohio merged with the Gulf, Mobile and Northern Railroad in 1940 to form the Gulf, Mobile and Ohio Railroad. Passenger service into the station was discontinued by the late 1950s after which all passenger trains in Mobile called at a nearby facility, Mobile station. The building continued to serve as railroad offices. It was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on August 15, 1975. It had suffered neglect, extensive interior alteration, and partial removal of the train shed by this time. The Gulf, Mobile and Ohio Railroad vacated the old terminal building in 1986 and for fifteen years it suffered from demolition-by-neglect. The Alabama Historical Commission and the Alabama Trust for Historic Preservation named it as one of their "Places in Peril" in 1996. In 2001 the City of Mobile and a private company invested more than $18 million to restore the local landmark with the developer taking advantage of the Federal Historic Preservation Tax Incentive program. Today the building houses private offices and the city&#39;s Metro Transit Authority. The renovated facility was extensively damaged by flooding during Hurricane Katrina.</p><br>
<p>St. Francis Street Methodist Church, officially St. Francis Street United Methodist Church, is a historic United Methodist Church building in Mobile, Alabama, United States. The current structure was built in 1896 by the architectural firm of Watkins and Johnson. It was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on January 5, 1984.</p><br>
<p>Holland Nimmons McTyeire (1824-1889) met his wife Amelia Townsend (1827-1891) in this church. He later founded Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee thanks to his wife&#39;s cousin, Frank Armstrong Crawford Vanderbilt (1839-1885), who convinced her second husband, Cornelius Vanderbilt, the richest man in the United States at the time, to donate US$1 million for its creation.</p><br>
<p>Mount Saint Marys Convent and Academy, originally the Sacred Heart Convent and Holy Angels Orphanage and previously Mount St. Mary’s Convent and Orphan Asylum, and also known as Mount Saint Marys Academy and Convent, is the only extant original orphanage in California and commemorates the Sisters of Mercy, in Grass Valley, Nevada County, California.</p><br>
<p>The Gothic Revival Style Victorian building with Georgian Revival accents currently houses the Grass Valley Museum, at 410 South Church Street between Chapel and Dalton Streets, Grass Valley.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Katherine Russell (sister of Charles Russell, Baron Russell of Killowen and better known as Mother Mary Baptist Russell, or simply "Mother Baptist") arrived in San Francisco with seven other Sisters of Mercy on 1854-12-08 from Kinsale, County Cork, Ireland; other Sisters followed. On 1863-08-20, spearheaded by vicar-general Father Thomas Dalton, five Sisters, including Mother Baptist, arrived in Grass Valley to help the California Gold Rush miners&#39; orphans. Bishop Eugene O’Connell placed the cornerstone for the convent/orphanage building on Sunday, 1865-05-02. The Sisters moved in on 1866-03-20, and the first orphans were taken in on 1866-04-02.</p><br>
<p>The orphanage closed in 1932 and the facility was de-sanctified in 1968. The following year, in 1969, the Grass Valley Historic Preservation Committee began repair and preservation of the building and the Sisters rose garden. The Foley Library for Historical Research in nearby Nevada City, California retains historical documents for Mount St. Marys.</p><br>
<h3>Construction</h3><br>
<p>The building is three stories tall, and was built at a cost of $19,856, including construction and interior furnishings.</p><br>
<p>First floor - Construction: stone. Use: classrooms, dining room, kitchen, laundry, lavatory, store rooms.</p><br>
<p>Second floor - Construction: brick. Use: chapel, classrooms, library, parlors.</p><br>
<p>Third floor - Construction: brick. Use: dormitories, sleeping quarters, infirmary.</p><br>
<h2>Landmark designation</h2><br>
<p>This Nevada County building is honored as on the National Register of Historic Places and as California Historical Landmark No. 855, registered in 1972-04-24. The plaque&#39;s inscription states:</p><br>
<p>Mount Saint Mary&#39;s Convent and Academy</p><br>
<p>Built by Reverend Thomas J. Dalton, the Sacred Heart Convent and Holy Angels Orphanage was dedicated May 2, 1865 by Bishop Eugene O&#39;Connell. Under the Sisters of Mercy, it served from 1866 to 1932 as the first orphanage of the Northern Mines. It functioned as an academy from 1868 to 1965 and as a convent from 1866 to 1968.</p><br>
<p>The plaque was placed on the building on October 28, 1972 by the California Department of Parks and Recreation.</p><br>
<p>Mount Dulang-dulang, dubbed by Filipino mountaineers as "D2", is the highest elevation peak in the Kitanglad Mountain Range, located in the north central portion of the province of Bukidnon in the island of Mindanao. It is the second highest mountain of the Philippines at 2,941 m above sea level, second only to Mount Apo of Davao at 2,956 m and slightly higher than Mount Pulag of Luzon, the third highest at 2,922 m.</p><br>
<p>The mountain is regarded by the Talaandig tribe of Lantapan as a sacred place. It is also within the ancestral domain of the tribe.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>Mount Dulang-dulang, similar to other peaks located in the Kitanglad Mountain Range, is covered by lofty forests and is a home to a variety of fauna and flora. It is home to 58 mammal species including bats, squirrels, monkeys, wild boars, flying lemurs, shrews, and deer. The Philippine eagle is also sighted within the vicinity of the mountain.</p><br>
<h2>Hydrological features</h2><br>
<p>the Mount Dulang-dulang including of Range Kitanglad Mountain Range the headwater catchment area of several major river systems Follow by Maagnao River and Alanib River the River Collecting of Pulangi River, to drain of Rio Grande de Mindanao in Cotabato City</p><br>
<p>Clermont is a 355 acre farm and national historic district located near Berryville, Clarke County, Virginia. The main house was created by Edward Snickers in five parts, beginning in 1756, with additions circa 1770, 1810 and 1840, with a final addition in 1970. The house has an unusual plan with a stair perpendicular to the central hall.</p><br>
<p>The original land grant was made from Thomas Fairfax, 6th Lord Fairfax of Cameron to John Vance in 1751. Vance, born in 1699, was from County Tyrone in Ireland, sailing to America in 1731. In 1753 he sold the property to Thomas Wadlington, who in turn sold to Edward Snickers, who ran a tavern and a ferry on the Shenandoah River near Williams Gap, later called Snickers Gap. His son William inherited the property in 1791. In 1819 William Snickers sold Clermont to Dawson McCormick, whose son Edward inherited the property in 1834. After Edward&#39;s death in 1871, his wife Emma sold a 321 acre of the property to former slaves and other African-Americans in the area, creating the community of Josephine City, now Josephine Street in Berryville.</p><br>
<p>Knob Mountain is a mountain in Page County, Virginia. It is part of the Blue Ridge Mountains. Its summit lies within Shenandoah National Park at an elevation of 2,671 ft .</p><br>
<h2>Geology</h2><br>
<p>Geologically speaking, the mountain is situated in the northern subprovince of the Blue Ridge Province of the Appalachian Highlands. It is part of the Crystalline Appalachians. Knob Mountain is separated from parallel Neighbor Mountain to the east by a stream known as Jeremy&#39;s Run. To the west of Knob Mountain lies the Great Appalachian Valley.</p><br>
<h2>Access</h2><br>
<p>Knob Mountain is accessible from the Knob Mountain Trail, which runs along much of the mountains ridge. The closest scenic viewpoint along Skyline Drive from which to view Knob Mountain is Jeremys Run Overlook. The nearest city is Rileyville, at 2.7 miles away.</p><br>
<p>The Highland Park Police Station on York Boulevard in the Highland Park section of Los Angeles, California, USA is the city&#39;s oldest surviving police station. Closed in 1983, the station is now operated as the Los Angeles Police Museum. It has been designated as a Historic Cultural Monument and listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Built from 1925-1926 at a cost of $100,000, the station opened in April 1926 in a ceremony attended by Chief Edgar Davis and Police Commissioners Birnbaum, Insley and Webster.</p><br>
<p>A number of big cases were handled out of the Highland Park station; it was that Det. Robert Grogan pursued the "Hillside Stranglers", Angelo Buono, Jr. and Kenneth Bianchi. In the early 1980s, the building was cited for failure to meet seismic safety standards and was described as a "Shake and Bake Hellhole". The radical Symbionese Liberation Army (the group that kidnapped Patty Hearst and engaged in an infamous shootout with the LAPD in 1974) planted a bomb in the Highland Park Station in 1973, but it proved to be a dud.</p><br>
<p>In 1942, future LAPD Chief Daryl Gates was arrested and briefly held at the Highland Park station after punching a police officer; in 1963, Gates returned as a police captain in command of the station. He later wrote, "Never dreaming I would voluntarily return to the station where I&#39;d been brought in for punching a cop, I showed up for work, eager to continue trying out my talents as a boss."</p><br>
<p>The station was closed in 1983 as the Los Angeles Police Department moved its Northeast Division to a new location. With the vacant station threatened by demolition, the Los Angeles Cultural Heritage Commission declared the building a Historic Cultural Monument (HCM #274) in January 1984; it was added to the National Register of Historic Places two months later in March 1984. It is the only precinct police station in California listed on the National Register. (The City of San Diego Police Headquarters, Jails and Courts building is also registered.)</p><br>
<p>As late as 1985, the city considered several proposals to convert the building to commercial office and retail space, a live theater and restaurant.</p><br>
<h3>Television production</h3><br>
<p>Because it is Los Angeles last surviving station built in the 1920s, the building has been sought-after as a filming location. The citys motion picture coordination office scheduled reservations by film and tv crews several months in advance.</p><br>
<p>The building has also been used in television as an establishing shot for the Mathnet (1987–88) and Pawnee (2011) police stations, and others.</p><br>
<h2>Los Angeles Police Museum</h2><br>
<p>The building now houses the Los Angeles Police Museum, including photographs, uniforms, badges, squad cars, a paddy wagon, and bullet-riddled vehicles. The museum chronicles the formation of the LAPD from its beginnings in 1869 to the present day. The original jail cells of the Highland Park Police Station can be viewed along with a reproduction of the first police woman’s uniform in the nation worn by LAPD officer Alice Stebbins Wells in 1910. The museum is open Monday through Friday from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. and the third Saturday of each month from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m.</p><br>
<p>Neighbor Mountain is a mountain in Page and Rappahannock Counties, Virginia, near the city of Luray. It is part of the Blue Ridge Mountains. Its summit lies in Page County, within Shenandoah National Park.</p><br>
<h2>Geology</h2><br>
<p>Geologically speaking, the mountain is situated in the northern subprovince of the Blue Ridge Province of the Appalachian Highlands. It is part of the Crystalline Appalachians. Neighbor Mountain is separated from parallel Knob Mountain to the west by a stream known as Jeremy&#39;s Run.</p><br>
<h2>Political Boundaries</h2><br>
<p>The crest of the northern arm of Neighbor Mountain forms part of the border between Page and Rappahanock Counties. Page County is located to the west of the ridge, whereas Rappahannock County is to the east.</p><br>
<p>As the mountain curves south-west, the county border follows the topographical spine of the Blue Ridge from Neighbor Mountain onto Pass Mountain to the south, and the south-western arm lies entirely within Page County. On this south-western arm are a series of knobs known as "Three Sisters."</p><br>
<h2>Visiting Neighbor Mountain</h2><br>
<p>Neighbor Mountain is accessible via Skyline Drive, which runs along the ridge of the mountains northern arm. The Appalachian Trail also runs parallel to Skyline Drive along this part of the mountain. The south-western arm of the mountain is accessible from the Appalachian Trail via the Neighbor Mountain Trail. Skyline Drive offers two scenic overlooks on the mountain. Jeremys Run Overlook is situated on the northern arm, while Thornton Hollow Overlook is situated near the summit.</p><br>
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<p>The Confederate Monument in Perryville is a historic monument located by the visitor center of the Perryville Battlefield State Historic Site, in the vicinity of Perryville, Kentucky, in Boyle County, Kentucky, USA. It was built in 1902, forty years after the Battle of Perryville, the bloodiest battle in Kentucky history, on October 8, 1862. In total, 532 Confederates died at the battle, but it is unknown how many of this number are buried here. A small cemetery is by the monument; local farmers had to bury the Confederate dead as the Confederate Army, although victorious in the battle, had to leave Perryville quickly, and hogs were beginning to feast on the soldiers&#39; remains.</p><br>
<p>The monument features a 6 ft tall limestone Confederate soldier atop a three-tier limestone pedestal base. It was constructed by the Peter-Burghard Statue Company of Louisville, Kentucky. Names of fourteen Confederate dead are on the monument, as is a passage from the Bivouac of the Dead. It also notes that 470 unknown dead Confederates are buried nearby. The total boundary area for the National Register entry concerning the Confederate Monument is a 12 foot radius surrounding the monument.</p><br>
<p>The monument was built for the 40th anniversary of the Battle of Perryville by the government of Kentucky. When dedicated, a crowd of 5,000 to 10,000 attended the ceremony on October 8, 1902, according to the October 10, 1902, edition of the Danville News.</p><br>
<p>On July 17, 1997, the Confederate Monument in Perryville was one of sixty different monuments related to the Civil War in Kentucky placed on the National Register of Historic Places, as part of the Civil War Monuments of Kentucky Multiple Property Submission. Three other monuments on this Multiple Property Submission are also in Boyle County. One of them, the Union Monument in Perryville, is also by the visitor center of the Perryville Battlefield State Historic Site, a few yards north of the Confederate Monument. The Unknown Confederate Dead Monument in Perryville is a mile away on private land at the Goodknight Cemetery. Both of the preceding monuments were built much later, both in or around 1928; twenty-six years later. The other is in downtown Danville, Kentucky: the Confederate Monument in Danville.</p><br>
<p>The Union Monument in Perryville is an historic monument located by the visitor center of the Perryville Battlefield State Historic Site, in the vicinity of Perryville, Kentucky, in Boyle County, Kentucky. It was built in 1928, sixty-six years after the Battle of Perryville, the bloodiest battle in Kentucky history, on October 8, 1862. There were 16,000 Union soldiers at the Battle of Perryville, with 4,276 combined killed, captured, wounded, and missing.</p><br>
<p>The monument was created by a decree of the United States Congress on March 3, 1928. It is a granite obelisk, eighteen feet tall, and is one of only seven monuments to the war in Kentucky that honored the Union cause; the vast majority honored the Confederate States of America. Inscriptions are placed on the north and south sides of the monument. All but one Union monument in Kentucky was erected by the Federal Government or private funds. The monument at Vanceburg, Kentucky is the only Union structure in Kentucky erected by public submission.</p><br>
<p>On July 17, 1997, the Union Monument in Perryville was one of sixty different monuments related to the Civil War in Kentucky placed on the National Register of Historic Places, as part of the Civil War Monuments of Kentucky Multiple Property Submission. Three other monuments on this Multiple Property Submission are also in Boyle County. One of them, the Confederate Monument in Perryville, stands between the Union Monument and the visitor center of the Perryville Battlefield State Historic Site, a few yards away. The Unknown Confederate Dead Monument in Perryville is a mile away on private land at the Goodknight Cemetery. Like the Union monument, it was built in 1928, much later than the 1902 construction of the Confederate Monument. The other is in downtown Danville, Kentucky: the Confederate Monument in Danville.</p><br>
<p>Image:Union Monument in Perryville.jpgMonument on a cloudy day</p><br>
<p>Image:Union Monument in Perryville aura.JPGAura around monument</p><br>
<p>Image:Union Monument in Perryville sunny 2.JPGDriving circle around the monument</p><br>
<p>Mount Holmes is a prominent mountain peak in Yellowstone National Park. It is the tallest mountain in the Wyoming portion of the Gallatin Range. Mount Holmes is located in the northwestern part of the park and marks the southern terminus of the Gallatin Range. It is the source of Indian Creek, a tributary of the Gardner River.</p><br>
<p>There is a ranger station near the top of Mount Holmes from which forest fires and weather are monitored. The Bannock Trail crosses the mountains close to Mount Holmes.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>An 1860 map by Captain William F. Raynolds showed this peak as Mount Gallatin. Prior to 1878, the peak was routinely referred to as Mount Madison because of its proximity to the Madison River. In 1878 Henry Gannett and geologist William H. Holmes, members of the third Hayden Geologic Survey, ascended the peak. Gannett named the peak Mount Holmes.</p><br>
<p>The summit of Mount Holmes can be reached via the 10.8 mi Mount Holmes-Winter Creek trail. The trailhead is located near Apollonaris Spring on the Mammoth-Norris section of the Grand Loop Road.</p><br>
<p>Howard Prairie Lake is a reservoir located 4,526 ft above sea level in Jackson County, Oregon, United States. It is 18 mi east of Ashland. The lake is formed by the 100 ft tall Howard Prairie Dam, which impounds Beaver Creek, in the Klamath River watershed.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The reservoir was created in 1958 when the 100 ft tall earthfill dam was completed by the Talent Division of the Rogue River Basin Project.</p><br>
<p>A canal diverting water from nearby Little Butte Creek, (in the Rogue River watershed), to the lake was also completed.</p><br>
<h2>Statistics</h2><br>
<p>Howard Prairie Lake has an average surface area of 1,990 acre, and an average volume of 62,100 acre.ft. It has a maximum depth of 80 ft, and an average depth of 35 ft.</p><br>
<p>Retrieved on April 8, 2009.</p><br>
<p>The lake has a 79 square miles drainage basin.</p><br>
<h2>Flora and fauna</h2><br>
<p>Howard Prairie Lake is known for its large number of rainbow trout, largemouth bass, and smallmouth bass.</p><br>
<p>Ducks and geese inhabit the surrounding regions. The lake is surrounded by pine and fir forests in the Cascade Mountains.</p><br>
<h2>Recreation</h2><br>
<p>Boating, water skiing, fishing, and camping at the three public campgrounds are popular activities at the lake.</p><br>
<p>Hiking and biking are also popular on trails around the lake. The Howard Prairie Lake Resort is located on the northern shore of the lake and features a large marina, boat ramp, restaurant, campground, and convenience store.</p><br>
<p>Boundary Falls is a 6 metre high ribbon waterfall found near the Bruce Trail on the border of cities Burlington and Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. This is a seasonal waterfall and best viewed in the springtime and after heavy rains.</p><br>
<p>Nearby attractions include the town of Waterdown, Rock Chapel Golf Course and Royal Botanical Gardens, Bruce Trail, Grindstone Cascade, Snake and Lower Snake Falls. There is also parking onsite for 20 vehicles.</p><br>
<h2>Directions</h2><br>
<p>Park on Mill Street in Waterdown on the south side at the pullover beside the railway tracks (opposite the water treatment plant), walk over the railway tracks and climb down the hill. Be extremely careful both crossing the tracks and climbing down the hill.</p><br>
<p>The Payne-Desha House is a historic house located on land west of Royal Spring Branch near downtown Georgetown, Kentucky, USA that was built in 1814 by Robert Payne, a Kentucky war hero from the Battle of the Thames. Also, the house was the last residence of Joseph Desha, the ninth governor of Kentucky.</p><br>
<p>The property was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places on December 2, 1974.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1784, Elijah Craig established the town of Lebanon, Virginia near McClelland&#39;s Station, an abandoned army fort. The name was changed to George Town in 1790 as a tribute to the first President of the United States, George Washington. The town was centered around Royal Spring, a large spring that was reliable source of water for the residents and industry in the area.</p><br>
<p>The Payne-Desha House was built on the west side of Royal Spring Branch on land originally owned by Elijah Craig. After Craigs death in 1808, General Richard Gano and Josiah Pitts purchased the property near Royal Spring Branch from Craigs</p><br>
<p>estate. In 1814 General John Payne bought both pieces of land making a 20 acre estate. Payne&#39;s son Robert and daughter-in-law Maria (Williams) built a large stone house on the property. Financial circumstances forced the sale of the estate in 1821 and Benjamen Smith bought the property.</p><br>
<p>During the later years of his life, former Kentucky Governor Joseph Desha and his wife Margaret relocated to Georgetown. The couple first resided on East Main Street, then in 1841 moved to the property along Royal Spring Branch. Desha lived in the Payne-Desha House until his death on October 11, 1842.</p><br>
<p>James Y. Kelly owned the property in the later part of the 19th century when extensive changes were made to the exterior of the house. Another longtime resident of the house was James R. Hamilton, who remodeled the structure in 1955 and 1975.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>Originally, the Payne-Desha House was built in the Federal style, and in the late 19th century the structure was updated to the then popular Italianate style. Additionally, the house underwent renovations in 1955 and 1975.</p><br>
<p>As first built, the Payne-Desha house featured "an arch spanned central hall, a winding staircase, ash floors, sunburst design mantels, beaded and fluted woodwork, three basements, and a hipped roof" making the stone building one of the most intricate early stone structures in Scott County, Kentucky.</p><br>
<p>The exterior of the house was altered in the late 19th century with the addition of Italianate style porches, hoodmolds, and roofbrackets.</p><br>
<p>New Palace Yard is an open courtyard northwest of the Palace of Westminster in Westminster, London, England. It forms part of the Palace estate and is not open to the public. The yard has existed since around the year 1100, but it has been considerably reduced in size over the years due to the construction of new streets and buildings, most notably the current palace, which was built across the eastern end of the yard in the 19th century. An underground car park used by parliamentarians is located beneath the yard. Prior to the construction of the present Palace of Westminster, the yard was an open public space used for a variety of purposes including speeches, tournaments, pilloryings, and executions. It has twice been the scene of terrorist attacks.</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>New Palace Yard is situated in the north-west corner of the grounds of the Palace of Westminster. It is bordered to the north by Bridge Street, to the east by the Palaces North Front and Big Ben, to the south by Westminster Hall and to the west by Parliament Square. It is accessed from Parliament Square via the Carriage Gates. Underneath the yard is a five-level underground car park with 450 spaces for parliamentarians cars, which was constructed between 1972 and 1974 at a cost of £2.5 million. Westminster Halls north end is accessed via the yard, which is also the site of the Members Entrance to the House of Commons. An arcade along the east side of the yard gives access to an underpass under Bridge Street that connects to the tunnel running between Westminster tube station and the Westminster Bridge landing stage on the Victoria Embankment.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The yard is laid out as a garden with a formal avenue of lime trees, benches of Portland stone and a central lawn surrounded by an oval roadway. Around the outside are a number of old catalpa trees. A fountain in the central lawn was installed in 1977 to commemorate the Silver Jubilee of Elizabeth II and recalls the lost medieval fountain of Henry VI. The fountain stands in an octagonal pool in the centre of which is a large welded steel sculpture by Walenty Pytel. The sculpture is decorated with depictions of birds and beasts from six continents and is surmounted by a gilded crown.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The name of New Palace Yard refers to the first Palace of Westminster, built by the Anglo-Saxon king Edward the Confessor around 1050. The yard was created after William II of England constructed Westminster Hall in 1097 and was given the appellation "New" to distinguish it from Old Palace Yard a few hundred metres further south. For several hundred years, it was probably a patch of low-lying open marshy ground or perhaps even an inlet, prone to flooding up to very recent times. A rapid increase in the level of the Thames necessitated the construction of a river wall on the yard&#39;s eastern side in the 12th century. and was laid out as an open space by the late thirteenth or early fourteenth century. Thereafter, as Westminster grew, the yard came to be surrounded by buildings and walls on all sides.</p><br>
<p>The yard&#39;s function in relation to the Palace of Westminster was similar to that of an outer bailey in a castle. It was one of three yards in the palace: New Palace Yard was the outer ward, a large open space which the general populace could access; the Green Yard was the middle ward, where the royal administration and the great offices of state were located; and Old Palace Yard was the inner ward, where the royal apartments were located.</p><br>
<p>The interior of the yard was dominated for centuries by a large cupola-topped fountain built by Henry VI in 1443, which stood until the late 17th century. The remains of the fountain were rediscovered in the 1970s during the construction of the underground car park.</p><br>
<p>The yard&#39;s location within the royal precinct of Westminster made it a site for displays of royal justice over the centuries. Several executions and mutilations took place there; in 1580 the Puritan attorney John Stubbs and his servant William Page both had their hands cut off as punishment for libelling Queen Elizabeth I, while in 1612 the Scottish nobleman Robert Crichton, 8th Lord Crichton of Sanquhar, was hanged in the yard for murder. Lesser criminals were publicly exposed in a pillory erected on the site. Two such were the pretender Perkin Warbeck, pilloried in 1498, and Titus Oates, pilloried there during the reign of King James II for the Popish Plot. The last person to be pilloried in the yard was John Williams, the publisher of The North Briton newspaper in 1765.</p><br>
<p>Tournaments and royal festivities were also staged there. On one occasion, when Catherine of Aragon married Arthur, Prince of Wales in 1501, a grandiose tournament was held in New Palace Yard. A stand was erected for the King on the south side of the yard and challengers exited Westminster Hall on horseback. They proceeded into the yard accompanied by a pageant-car which was drawn by four animals and carried a "fair young lady" on "a goodly chair of cloth of gold". Jousting is last recorded to have taken place in the yard in 1547 when Edward VI was crowned.</p><br>
<h3>Changes to the layout of New Palace Yard</h3><br>
<p>New Palace Yard was originally much larger than it is today. An etching by Wenceslaus Hollar, published in 1647, shows the area as an enclosed rectangle with houses flanking Westminster Hall on both sides, Henry VI&#39;s fountain and stands for coaches in the centre, a row of shops, taverns and eating-houses on the north side and a large square gatehouse on the west side giving access to King Street, built by Henry VIII in 1532 and demolished in 1723. The gatehouse was built by Richard III Many of the buildings around New Palace Yard were swept away in the 1750s by the urban redevelopment that accompanied the construction of Westminster Bridge. Bridge Street was built to the north of the yard, Parliament Street was built to connect it with Charing Cross, and Abingdon Street was built to connect the Palace with Millbank. A row of buildings separated the yard from Bridge Street until they were demolished in 1866–7, opening up the yard to public view.</p><br>
<p>In the 18th and 19th centuries the perimeter of New Palace Yard was occupied by coffee houses and taverns. It provided a site for public meetings such as the September 1838 rally in support of the People&#39;s Charter. Public access to New Palace Yard was restricted from 1866 after a demonstration held in Hyde Park for parliamentary reform turned violent. Edward Barry was commissioned to enclose the yard with railings standing 7 ft high, which were completed by February 1868. The yard was occasionally opened to the public to attend public speeches by the likes of William Ewart Gladstone, but is now treated as a secure area, closed to the public.</p><br>
<h2>Terrorist attacks</h2><br>
<p>New Palace Yard has twice been the scene of terrorist attacks. On 31 March 1979, an Irish National Liberation Army car bomb killed MP Airey Neave as he exited the underground car park at New Palace Yard. On 22 March 2017, a 52-year-old Briton crashed a car into the perimeter fence of the Palace grounds, after driving into pedestrians on the Westminster Bridge. After abandoning the vehicle, he ran into the New Palace Yard and fatally stabbed PC Keith Palmer, an unarmed police officer guarding the Carriage Gates. He was then shot by an armed close protection officer and died at the scene.</p><br>
<p>The Shropshire House is a Greek Revival Federal style house located in the East Main Street Residential Historic District in Georgetown, Kentucky. The house was the built in 1814 by John and Mary  Buckner.</p><br>
<p>The property was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places on April 2, 1973.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Shropshire House is a residential dwelling built in 1814 by John and Mary (Gano) Buckner on East Main Street near the downtown area of Georgetown. The house is located in the East Main Street Residential District; an area designated a historically significant location by the USA National Registered of Historic Places because of its importance in the history of the city.</p><br>
<p>Both John and Mary Buckner came from families that were early settler in central Kentucky.</p><br>
<p>In 1818, the property was sold to Alexander Parker, who resold the home to Elizabeth Lewis as a residence for her daughter Sophia and her husband, John T. Johnson. Johnson lived in the house while he served in the United States Congress.</p><br>
<p>Robert J. Ward purchased the property in 1828 and lived in the home with his family until they moved to Louisville, Kentucky in 1833.</p><br>
<p>George W. Johnson, future Confederate governor of Kentucky, bought the property from the Ward&#39;s.</p><br>
<p>John C. Miller purchased the house in 1835. In 1894 Joel Penn bought the house. J. Gano Shropshire and his wife, Nancy "Nannie" (nee Burgess), purchased the house in 1918 and did extensive remodeling of the structure.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Shropshire House is a single story structure built in the Federal style with renovations done in the 1840s in the Greek Revival style.</p><br>
<p>Scenic Falls is an 18 metre high ribbon/plunge waterfall found along the west-end of the Chedoke Radial Trail in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Best viewed after a good rain or snow melt.</p><br>
<p>Nearby attractions include the Bruce Trail, Chedoke Radial Trail, Stairway to Chedoke Golf Course, Iroquoia Heights Conservation Area and a number of other waterfalls in the area.</p><br>
<h2>Directions</h2><br>
<p>Travel to Dundurn Street South to the base of the escarpment and get off halfway up the 326-step metal stairway and make a right onto the Chedoke Radial Trail and head westward towards the Chedoke Golf Course. There are a number of other waterfalls along this trail and they include; Princess Falls, Mountview Falls, Westcliffe Falls, Cliffview Falls, Denlow Falls and Chedoke Falls.</p><br>
<p>Princess Falls is a 7-metre ribbon/plunge waterfall found near the Chedoke Radial Trail in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Best viewed after a heavy rain or snow melt. Also known as Lower Princess Falls.</p><br>
<p>Many of the falls in west Hamilton are accessible from the Chedoke Radial Trail. It is built on what was once the route for the Brantford and Hamilton Electric Railway owned by the Cataract Power Light and Traction Company (later Dominion Power and Transmission).</p><br>
<p>Nearby attractions include the Bruce Trail, Chedoke Radial Trail, Stairway to Chedoke Golf Course, Iroquoia Heights Conservation Area and a number of other waterfalls in the area.</p><br>
<p>The top of the falls is located beside Highway 403.</p><br>
<h2>Directions</h2><br>
<p>Travel to Dundurn Street South to the base of the escarpment and get off halfway up the 326-step metal stairway, make a right onto the Chedoke Radial Trail and head westward towards the Chedoke Golf Course. There are a number of other waterfalls along this trail and they include; Scenic Falls, Mountview Falls, Westcliffe Falls, Cliffview Falls, Denlow Falls and Chedoke Falls.</p><br>
